Compositionally Modulated and Multilayered Deposits

Péter, László

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-69117-2_5

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…In the case of Cu layer formation, this is particularly critical because the Cu 2+ ion concentration is very low in the electrolyte solution used for multilayer electrodeposition and the deposition is very slow. Under these conditions, the Cu layer formation starts with the creation of the nuclei of Cu, which need to reach a critical size, after which they will be able to grow [ 31 ]. These nuclei are known as islands, the coalescence of which leads to continuous Cu layers.…”

Section: Discussion: Critical Evaluation Of the Gmr Vs Spacer Thickne...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the above-mentioned physical deposition methods, it was demonstrated by Alper et al [ 25 , 26 ] in 1993 that the cost-efficient and simple technique of electrodeposition can also be tailored to a level that enables the preparation of magnetic/non-magnetic multilayers exhibiting the GMR phenomenon. The study of GMR in electrodeposited multilayers has considerably expanded since that time as summarized in several reviews [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ] and has remained an active area of research [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. The electrodeposition method is accessible for the preparation of magnetic/non-magnetic multilayers in which the magnetic layers are composed of the FM elements Fe, Co and Ni and their mutual alloys, whereas the non-magnetic spacer layer is in most cases Cu.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrodeposition method is accessible for the preparation of magnetic/non-magnetic multilayers in which the magnetic layers are composed of the FM elements Fe, Co and Ni and their mutual alloys, whereas the non-magnetic spacer layer is in most cases Cu. The basic elements of multilayer fabrication by electrochemical methods have been described in detail in some recent reviews [ 28 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be pointed out, however, that in the majority of papers reported on the GMR of electrodeposited multilayers [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], two major aspects of the deposition conditions and the magnetoresistance evaluation have not been properly considered, although these aspects have a profound influence on the interpretation of the GMR results obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spacer Layer Thickness Dependence of the Giant Magnetoresistance in Electrodeposited Ni-Co/Cu Multilayers

et al. 2022

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Electrodeposited Ni65Co35/Cu multilayers were prepared with Cu spacer layer thicknesses between 0.5 nm and 7 nm. Their structure and magnetic and magnetoresistance properties were investigated. An important feature was that the Cu layers were deposited at the electrochemically optimized Cu deposition potential, ensuring a reliable control of the spacer layer thickness to reveal the true evolution of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR). X-ray diffraction indicated satellite reflections, demonstrating the highly coherent growth of these multilayer stacks. All of the multilayers exhibited a GMR effect, the magnitude of which did not show an oscillatory behavior with spacer layer thickness, just a steep rise of GMR around 1.5 nm and then, after 3 nm, it remained nearly constant, with a value around 4%. The high relative remanence of the magnetization hinted at the lack of an antiferromagnetic coupling between the magnetic layers, explaining the absence of oscillatory GMR. The occurrence of GMR can be attributed to the fact that, for spacer layer thicknesses above about 1.5 nm, the adjacent magnetic layers become uncoupled and their magnetization orientation is random, giving rise to a GMR effect. The coercive field and magnetoresistance peak field data also corroborate this picture: with increasing spacer layer thickness, both parameters progressively approached values characteristic of individual magnetic layers. At the end, a critical analysis of previously reported GMR data on electrodeposited Ni-Co/Cu multilayers is provided in view of the present results. A discussion of the layer formation processes in electrodeposited multilayers is also included, together with a comparison with physically deposited multilayers.

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Section: Discussion: Critical Evaluation Of the Gmr Vs Spacer Thickne...mentioning

confidence: 99%