Compositional, technical and safety specifications of clays to be used as pharmaceutical and cosmetic products

López-Galindo, Alberto; Viseras, César; Cerezo, Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2006.06.016

Cited by 284 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…texture, moisture content, particle size) and toxicological requirements specified for each clay application. 7 Particular attention is paid to the presence of silica as there is sufficient evidence to suggest that it is a potential carcinogen. To avoid requirements for labelling that provides safety information, the silica content must be less than 0.1%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it may also denote a natural material composed of very fine-grained minerals that show some plasticity when mixed with an appropriate amount of water. 7 The layered structure and colloidal size of the particles constituting the clay give rise to desired rheological characteristics and sorptive abilities, among others. 7 Natural clays typically contain other minerals such as quartz, feldspars, carbonates, sulfates and iron, aluminium or titanium oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 The layered structure and colloidal size of the particles constituting the clay give rise to desired rheological characteristics and sorptive abilities, among others. 7 Natural clays typically contain other minerals such as quartz, feldspars, carbonates, sulfates and iron, aluminium or titanium oxides. These minerals may affect the chemical (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid requirements for labelling that provides safety information, the silica content must be less than 0.1%. 7 Traditional clays, used among indigenous people in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, have been studied extensively. 5,6,[8][9][10][11] However, there are few reports dealing with the nature and properties of the yellowish-grey clays that are also used primarily for cosmetic purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes

Morekhure-Mphahlele¹,

Focke²,

Grote³

2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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HOW TO CITE:Morekhure-Mphahlele R, Focke WW, Grote W. Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes. S Afr J Sci. 2017;113(3/4) FUNDING:Tshwane University of Technology Two traditional cosmetic clays bear similar names in different local South African languages: vumba (Tshivenda) and ubumba (isiZulu). The wet clays are applied topically for cosmetic purposes by the respective indigenous peoples. Six samples from two South African provinces were characterised using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the samples differed widely with respect to mineralogy and chemical composition. This finding raises the possibility that texture characteristics during application on the skin override composition effects. Of concern is the high levels of quartz found in all the samples as it might pose a health hazard; the lowest value for quartz was 11 wt% for vumba, while values for ubumba ranged from 26 wt% to 85 wt%. All samples contained varying amounts of silicates in the form of smectite, kaolin, chlorite and plagioclase. Minor amounts of anatase and rutile were present in some samples. Three samples also contained goethite. All samples were essentially free from the toxic elements As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Se and Sb. However, they did contain low levels of chromium and heavy metals such as Cu, Zn and Ni. The pH values of ubumba slurries were slightly basic, while those of a vumba slurry were slightly acidic. Significance:• Wide ranges of composition appear to be acceptable.• The clays do not contain highly toxic or radioactive elements.• The high levels of quartz present may pose a human health risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes

Morekhure-Mphahlele¹,

Focke²,

Grote³

2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…Os diferentes tipos de cátions na lâmina octaédrica e substituição isomórfica (substituição dos cátions das unidades tetraédricas e/ou octaédricas, por outros de diâmetro aproximado) nas lâminas octaédricas e tetraédricas resultam em um déficit de carga, variando de acordo com a lâmina, e, em diferentes fases minerais, dando origem a um comportamento técnico muito variado. Diferentes texturas entre minerais com estrutura e composição química semelhantes também afetam suas propriedades reológicas e adsortivas (López-Galindo et al, 2007).…”

Section: Argilas -Uma Visão Geralunclassified

Extração sequencial aplicada à lama negra de Peruíbe

Torrecilha¹

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psoríase, dermatites periféricas, acne e seborreia, além de utilizações em mialgias, artrites e processos reumáticos não articulares. Assim como a demais argilas medicinais ela pode não estar isenta de possíveis efeitos danosos à saúde, sendo os principais, a ocorrência de minerais perigosos ao sistema respiratório e possíveis efeitos devido à presença de elementos tóxicos. Uma vez utilizado com finalidade terapêutica, um material deve ser completamente caracterizado e, desta forma, amostras da lama negra de Peruíbe foram analisadas para determinar suas propriedades físicas e químicas: teor de umidade, matéria orgânica e perda ao fogo; pH, granulometria, capacidade de troca catiônica e grau de inchamento; composição elementar determinada por Análise por Ativação Neutrônica, Absorção Atômica com Forno de Grafite e fluorescência de raios X e composição mineralógica determinada por difração de raios X. Outra ferramenta bastante utilizada para avaliar o comportamento de elementos traço em diversas matrizes ambientais é a extração sequencial. Sendo assim, foi feito um processo de extração sequencial para fracionar a lama em formas geoquímicas específicas e verificar como e em que quantidade os elementos estão contidos nela. Considerando os diversos procedimentos de extração seqüencial, foi utilizado o método BCR-701 (Community Bureau of Reference) por ser o mais reprodutivo entre eles bem como uma extração simples com suor artificial a fim de se avaliar quais elementos estão potencialmente disponíveis para absorção pela pelo do paciente durante um tratamento tópico.Os resultados indicaram que a lama é constituída basicamente por um material silto-argiloso, rico em matéria orgânica e com boa capacidade de troca catiônica.Não foram observadas variações significativas na composição mineralógica e elementar das formas in natura e maturada da lama. As análises por extração sequencial e extração simples indicaram que os elementos que estão v eventualmente disponíveis em maior quantidade para serem absorvidos pela pele durante o tratamento são Ca, Mg, Mn e Na. vi SEQUENTIAL EXTRATION APPLIED TO PERUIBE BLACK MUD JEFFERSON KOYAISHI TORRECILHA ABSTRACTThe Peruíbe Black mud is used in therapeutic treatments such as psoriasis, peripheral dermatitis, acne and seborrhoea, as well as in the treatment of myalgia, arthritis, rheumatism and non-articular processes. Likewise other medicinal clays, it may not be free from possible adverse health effects due to possible hazardous minerals leading to respiratory system occurrences and other effects, caused by the presence of toxic elements. Once used for therapeutic purposes, any given material should be fully characterized and thus samples of Peruíbe black mud were analyzed to determine physical and chemical properties: moisture content, organic matter and loss on ignition; pH, particle size, cation exchange capacity and swelling index. The elemental composition was determined by Neutron Activation Analysis, Atomic Absorption Graphite Furnace and X-ray fluorescence; the mineralogical co...

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Multifunctional Nanoclay‐Based Hemostatic Materials for Wound Healing: A Review

Tan,

Yang,

Zheng

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Bleeding to death accounts for around 30–40% of all trauma‐related fatalities. Current hemostatic materials are mainly mono‐functional or have insufficient hemostatic capacity. Nanoclay has been recently shown to accelerate hemostasis, improve wound healing, and provide the resulting multifunctional hemostatic materials antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and healing‐promoting due to its distinctive morphological structure and physicochemical properties. Herein, the chemical design and action mechanism of nanoclay‐based hemostatic, antibacterial, and pro‐wound healing materials in the context of wound healing are discussed. The physiological processes of hemostasis and wound healing to elucidate the significance of nanoclay for functional wound hemostatic dressing design are outlined. A summary of the features of various nanoclay and product types used in wound hemostatic dressings is provided. Nanoclay can be antimicrobial due to the slow release of metal ions and has an abundant surface charge allowing for high affinity for proteins and cells, which can activate the coagulation reaction or facilitate tissue repair. Nanoclay with a microporous structure can be used as drug carriers to create composites critical for inhibiting bacterial growth on wounds or promoting the regeneration of vascular, muscle, and skin tissues. Directions for further research and innovation of nanoclay‐based multifunctional materials for hemostasis and tissue regeneration are explored.

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Compositional, technical and safety specifications of clays to be used as pharmaceutical and cosmetic products

Cited by 284 publications

References 57 publications

Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes

Characterisation of vumba and ubumba clays used for cosmetic purposes

Extração sequencial aplicada à lama negra de Peruíbe

Multifunctional Nanoclay‐Based Hemostatic Materials for Wound Healing: A Review

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