Compositional studies on technical cashew nutshell liquid (cnsl) by chromatography and mass spectroscopy

Abstract

The composition of technical cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), Anacardium oceidentale, from four different sources has been examined. The C15 component phenols cardanol, cardol, 2-methyl cardol, and traces of anacardic acid have been determined by gas liquid chromatography (GLC), after hydrogenation and methylation, on the stationary phases Dexsil 300, SE52, SE30, and OV17, or alternatively the acetylated (unsaturated) phenols on Dexsil 300, SE52, or SE30. After thin layer chromatographic (TLC) separation of the component phenols, their saturated (15:0), monoene (15:1), diene (15:2), and triene (15:3) constituents have been determined by mass spectrometry (MS). In both the GLC and the MS procedures, the results have been corrected for differing relative responses. The more highly polymeric material present in technical CNSL from different sources has been determined by molecular distillation and by TLC. The fractions obtained by molecular distillation have been analyzed by GLC, the results of which show there is present some low polymeric material less volatile than the C15 component phenols, but the major portion of technical CNSL is volatile and can be analyzed by GLC.

Anacardic Acid Isolated From Cashew Nut Shell (Anacardium occidentale) Affects Methane and Other Products in the Rumen Fermentation

“…It was assumed that before incubation, the thick spot (Rf 0.55) were the unsaturated anacardic acid compounds. It was reported by Tyman et al (1996) that the fatty acids of anacardic acid compound in the saturated form have higher Rf value than those in the unsaturated form. This result implied that during the incubation in the rumen, there was a change in the chemical structure of anacardic acid.…”

Effect of Phenol-CNSL-Formaldehyde Copolymer on Thermal Ageing of SBR

“…Commercial grade CNSL contains hardly any anacardic acid because of decarboxylation during the roasting process that converts anacardic acid to cardanol [33][34]. The roasting process, which is done at 100-300 C, also leads to polymerization, which accounts for there being 7-22% polymeric substances in the oil [35].…”

Effect of Phenol-CNSL Formaldehyde Copolymer on Thermal Ageing of Elastomers

“…Commercial grade CNSL contains hardly any anacardic acid because of decarboxylation during the roasting process, which converts anacardic acid to cardanol [33][34]. The roasting process, which is done at 100-300 C, also leads to polymerization, which accounts for there being 7-22% polymeric substances in the oil [35].…”