Compositional optimization of a 2D–3D heterojunction interface for 22.6% efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells

Abstract

The stacking of 2D perovskites on the top of 3D perovskites has been recognized as a promising interfacial treatment approach to improve the stability and efficiency of planar perovskite solar...

Spontaneous Construction of Multidimensional Heterostructure Enables Enhanced Hole Extraction for Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells to Exceed 20% Efficiency

“…[20,21] Unfortunately, since the large organic group is electrically insulating, charge transfer is limited by the long-chain organic ligands, which further hampers charge transfer to the hole transport layer (HTL). [22] In fact, Haque et al discovered that the n value of the 2D R 2 A n−1 Pb n X 3n+1 is critical to the hole injection to the HTL: when n > 1, hole injection deteriorates, whereas n = 1 is more favorable for hole injection. [23] Even though it is apparent that PEAI is effective in separately passivating surface defects, promoting charge extraction, and improving stability, there is no report that these merits can be taken simultaneously, likely due to the challenges in fabricating a multidimensional 2D/3D heterojunction.…”

Size-tunable MoS2nanosheets for controlling the crystal morphology and residual stress in sequentially deposited perovskite solar cells with over 22.5% efficiency

“…1–3 The certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the resulting PSCs has rapidly increased from 3.8% to 25.5% in recent decades, through optimizing the precursor components, layer interfaces, device architectures, etc . 4–13 These research studies have shown that planar PSCs have advantages over traditional mesoporous architectures due to their low-temperature fabrication process, showing great prospects for large-scale commercialization. 14,15 However, many reports stated that the perovskite film of planar PSCs fabricated by a two-step solution process is rough and contains lots of fractured grain boundaries.…”

Advanced Strategies to Tailor the Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Thin Films

“…These methods involve changing the perovskite precursor solution concentration and temperature, optimizing the coating parameters such as the spin speed and time, tuning the annealing temperature of thin films. In addition to these methods, new techniques such as composition ( Kang and Park, 2019 ) and thermal engineering ( Srivastava et al, 2018 ), additive engineering in the perovskite precursor solution ( Tavakoli et al, 2019 ; Giuliano et al, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ), air-assisted drying ( Ding et al, 2019 ), humidity tuning ( Gangishetty et al, 2016 ), vapor-assisted annealing ( Sheng et al, 2015 ; Shi et al, 2015 ; Karlsson et al, 2021 ), and surface passivation layer capping ( Chen P. et al, 2018 ; Tavakoli et al, 2019 ; He et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2021 ) are also employed. To gain a deeper insight into this, we need to understand film optimization through the process of the crystal growth and design.…”