Compositional Engineering of Co(II)MOF/Carbon-Based Overall Water Splitting Electrocatalysts: From Synergistic Effects to Structure–Activity Relationships

Abstract

Ranging from structure to property, the design of reasonable structures leading to high-performance electrochemical properties has enabled metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) to have great achievement in energy conversion. Since Co(II) has multiple valence states and is especially abundant, CoMOFs have emerged as latent materials of electrocatalysts in overall water splitting. In fact, CoMOFs/carbon-based hybrid materials (Co/CHMs) exhibit all kinds of architectures, marvelous electrochemical capabilities, and synergistic effects, overcoming the relative insulation of CoMOFs and single structure carbon materials. The synergistic effect of CoMOFs-based materials and carbon materials forming a unique interface can increase the specific surface area and accelerate electron transfer rates, resulting in enhanced overall water splitting. In terms of this review, the various Co/CHMs (carbon = GO/ RGO, CNT, and carbon black) are summarized. The relationship between the synergistic effect of Co/CHMs and the activity of overall water splitting is discussed. Finally, this review can supply a certain degree of reference for Co/CHMs as electrocatalysts in the field of overall water splitting and a number of helpful comments for prospective energy materials.

Single-Step Synthesized Functionalized Copper Carboxylate Framework Meshes as Hierarchical Catalysts for Enhanced Reduction of Nitrogen-Containing Phenolic Contaminants

“…In recent times, a special family of porous coordination polymers, called "metalorganic frameworks (MOFs)" has been developed [13][14][15]. MOFs can be synthesized using various non-noble metals and different ligands to create well-defined porous structures with versatile physical/chemical properties [13], making MOFs advantageous catalysts for a variety of reactions [16][17][18].…”

In situ growth of copper-based energetic complexes on GO and an MXene to synergistically promote the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

“…Combining carbon nanomaterials with ECs (carbon nanomaterials/ECs) not only efficiently improves the conductivity and thermostability of ECs, but also increases the internal dispersion force of carbon nanomaterials and inhibits their aggregation. 22,23 Moreover, the combustion exothermic reaction between carbon nano-materials and the oxidized gas produced by the thermal decomposition of AP can effectively increase the heat release of AP. Consequently, carbon nanomaterials/ECs usually show better performance in promoting the thermal decomposition of AP, which has attracted the extensive attention of researchers.…”

Undulated Ni(II)-Framework with In Situ-Grafted Open-Metal and Basic Sites for High-Performance Electrochemical Water Oxidation and Flexible Composite-Driven Size-Exclusive Autotandem Catalysis

“…Particularly, Ni-based materials have become a promising choice for constructing durable electrocatalysts owing to their earth abundance, high heat and electrical conductivities, low cost, and substantial thermal and chemical stabilities. Most importantly, their high capability to exist in different oxidation states (−1 to +4) leads to great susceptibility to undergo various electronic transitions. − Also, nickel foam (NF)-supported water oxidation catalysts are an emerging class of materials, as NF possesses a three-dimensional (3D) porous structure, large surface area, and high conductivity. − Meanwhile, as a branch of crystalline porous materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have received momentous attention for a vast range of potential applications − because of their three-dimensional (3D) spanned architectures with assorted topology, regular and adjustable pores, potential for tailorability, and diversity of metal centers as well as functional groups. ,− MOFs have also become best choices for OER electrocatalysis because of their accessible voids and open channels that can accommodate space for electrolytes, facilitate diffusion of the reactants, and assist in transportation of the evolved oxygen gas. ,, Moreover, the homogeneously distributed and pore-directed metal centers in MOFs serve as potential active sites, while organic ligands can aid in swapping of redox features to neighboring metal ions via modifying their coordination mode . However, only a handful of examples persist where MOFs are directly employed as OER electrocatalysts, , which is primarily on account of their insufficient chemical stability and improper orientation of metal sites within the pores.…”

“…6,20−22 MOFs have also become best choices for OER electrocatalysis because of their accessible voids and open channels that can accommodate space for electrolytes, facilitate diffusion of the reactants, and assist in transportation of the evolved oxygen gas. 4,23,24 Moreover, the homogeneously distributed and pore-directed metal centers in MOFs serve as potential active sites, while organic ligands can aid in swapping of redox features to neighboring metal ions via modifying their coordination mode. 25 However, only a handful of examples persist where MOFs are directly employed as OER electrocatalysts, 26,27 which is primarily on account of their insufficient chemical stability and improper orientation of metal sites within the pores.…”