Compositional Analysis of Non-Polar and Polar Metabolites in 14 Soybeans Using Spectroscopy and Chromatography Tools

Natarajan, Savithiry; Wang, Dechun; Luthria, Devanand L.

doi:10.3390/foods8110557

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Soluble sugars were extracted by using modified extraction methods previously reported. 14,15 The sample preparation optimization was done in three steps. Initially, extractions with lima beans were carried out in triplicates for four different time periods (15,30,60, and 90 min) using 25 ± 0.1 mg of ground sample.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Soluble Mono, Di, and Oligosaccharide Content in 23 Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Finley

Luthria

2020

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Beans provide a rich source of plant-based proteins and carbohydrates. It is well documented in the literature that the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs: raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose) is linked with flatulence issues. In this study, the soluble sugar content of 23 dry beans was investigated using a newly developed and validated analytical method with highperformance anion-exchange chromatography coupled to an amperometric pulse detection. All seven sugars (galactose, glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose) showed good linearity (r 2 ≥ 0.99) between 0.156 and 20 μg/mL. The limit of detection and quantification were determined as 0.01−0.11 μg/mL and 0.04−0.32 μg/mL, respectively. Significant variations in the profiles and concentrations of individual and total sugars were observed in 23 dry beans. Sucrose and stachyose were the two prominent soluble sugars combinedly representing an average of 86% of the total soluble sugars. Yellow split beans, large lima, and black eyed peas contained higher amounts of total soluble sugars (79.8−83.6 mg/g), whereas lower amounts were observed in speckled butter peas and lentils (53.6−56.6 mg/g). Garbanzo beans contained maximum levels of mono and disaccharides (MD), and yellow split beans showed the highest levels of RFOs. Based on the hierarchical cluster analysis of the total soluble sugars (TS), MD, RFOs, and MD/RFOs ratio, 23 beans can be classified into five groups. The average TS content and the MD/RFOs ratios of the five groups were determined as group 1 (TS = 55.1 mg/g and MD/RFOs = 0.30), group 2 (TS = 77.6 mg/g and MD/RFOs = 0.31), group 3 (TS = 78.3 mg/g and MD/RFOs = 0.51), group 4 (TS = 59.1 mg/g and MD/RFOs = 1.06), and group 5 (TS = 68.5 mg/g and MD/RFOs = 0.62). This information is useful for researchers, food industries, and consumers that are looking for plantbased protein source as an alternative to animal proteins with reduced flatulence problems.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 The sample preparation optimization was done in three steps. Initially, extractions with lima beans were carried out in triplicates for four different time periods (15,30,60, and 90 min) using 25 ± 0.1 mg of ground sample. Extraction was carried out with 5 mL of water in a disposable 15 mL centrifuge tube.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Soluble Mono, Di, and Oligosaccharide Content in 23 Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Finley

Luthria

2020

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Similarly, the presence of epicatechin and sugars have also been reported previously by Hyeon et al and Song et al [ 29 , 30 ]. We also reported in our earlier publication the presence of sugars in soybean by ion chromatography and fatty acids after derivatization using GC-MS analysis with targeted analysis [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found that the free amino acids and organic acids varied between the varieties [ 20 ]. In a recent study, we reported the compositional analysis of fatty acids and soluble sugars in wild and cultivated 14 soybeans genotypes using targeted analysis [ 21 ]. We observed differences in total oil content in wild soybeans (~9%) versus cultivated soybeans (16–22%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Untargeted Metabolomics Approach to Study the Variation between Wild and Cultivated Soybeans

et al. 2023

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The differential metabolite profiles of four wild and ten cultivated soybeans genotypes were explored using an untargeted metabolomics approach. Ground soybean seed samples were extracted with methanol and water, and metabolic features were obtained using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) in both positive and negative ion modes. The UHPLC-HRMS analysis of the two different extracts resulted in the putative identification of 98 metabolites belonging to several classes of phytochemicals, including isoflavones, organic acids, lipids, sugars, amino acids, saponins, and other compounds. The metabolic profile was significantly impacted by the polarity of the extraction solvent. Multivariate analysis showed a clear difference between wild and cultivated soybean cultivars. Unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms were applied to mine the generated data and to pinpoint metabolites differentiating wild and cultivated soybeans. The key identified metabolites differentiating wild and cultivated soybeans were isoflavonoids, free amino acids, and fatty acids. Catechin analogs, cynaroside, hydroxylated unsaturated fatty acid derivatives, amino acid, and uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine were upregulated in the methanol extract of wild soybeans. In contrast, isoflavonoids and other minor compounds were downregulated in the same soybean extract. This metabolic information will benefit breeders and biotechnology professionals to develop value-added soybeans with improved quality traits.

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“…Olive oil contained the highest percentage of oleic acid (89%) while virgin coconut oil contained 7.6%. Kotha et al [19] showed that the higher concentration of oleic acid in oils can decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol without decreasing the high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Physicochemical Properties and Isolation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Edible Oils by GC-MS and Argentated Silica Gel Chromatography

Saber

Mohamad

Aziz

2021

eijs

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The core objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of the oils of sunflower, olive, virgin coconut and ginger oils, as well as the separation of their unsaturated fatty acids. The data indicated a significant variation in physicochemical properties (acid, saponification, ester, and iodine values) among oils. Transesterification process was carried out at a molar ratio of 1:7:0.1 of oil: methanol: KOH. Fatty acid methyl esters of oils were analyzed by infrared (IR) and gas chromatography–mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. Twelve fatty acids were identified, where the major fatty acid of olive oil was found to be oleic acid (89%), whereas those of sunflower and ginger oils were linoleic acid (80.9 %) and (79.3 %), respectively. Sunflower and olive oils were fractionated by 25% silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel column chromatography. By this method, linoleic acid methyl ester from sunflower and oleic acid methyl ester from olive oil were isolated with high purity percentages and yields. This study is significant for the development of food and pharmaceutical products.

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Compositional Analysis of Non-Polar and Polar Metabolites in 14 Soybeans Using Spectroscopy and Chromatography Tools

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Determination of Soluble Mono, Di, and Oligosaccharide Content in 23 Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Determination of Soluble Mono, Di, and Oligosaccharide Content in 23 Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

An Untargeted Metabolomics Approach to Study the Variation between Wild and Cultivated Soybeans

Studying the Physicochemical Properties and Isolation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Edible Oils by GC-MS and Argentated Silica Gel Chromatography

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