Compositional analyses of lunar pyroclastic deposits

Gaddis, L. R.; Staid, M.; Tyburczy, J. A.; Hawke, B. R.; Petro, N. E.

doi:10.1016/s0019-1035(02)00036-2

Cited by 207 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Hence, the broad range of lava viscosities inferred for the domes has to be explained under the precondition that the bulk composition of the magma is basaltic. The eruption style can be assumed to be of effusive nature for all examined domes, since none of them is connected with known regions of pyroclastic activity (Gaddis et al, 2003). We may thus infer a low volatile content of the magma.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Responsible For the Broad Range Of Lava mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Formation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures: Rheologic conditions, dimensions of feeder dikes, and the role of magma evolution

Wöhler

Lena²,

Phillips³

2007

Icarus

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTFormation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures: Rheologic conditions, dimensions of feeder dikes, and the role of magma evolution A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Proposed running head:Formation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractIn this study we examine a set of lunar mare domes located in the Hortensius/Milichius/T. Mayer region and in northern Mare Tranquillitatis with respect to their formation along crustal fractures, their rheologic properties, the dimensions of their feeder dikes, and the importance of magma evolution processes during dome formation. Many of these domes display elongated summit vents oriented radially with respect to major impact basins, and several dome locations are also aligned in these preferential directions. Analysis of Clementine UVVIS and Lunar Prospector gamma ray spectrometer data reveals that the examined mare domes formed from low-Si basaltic lavas of high FeO and low to moderate TiO 2 content. Based on their morphometric properties (diameter, height, volume) obtained by photoclinometric and shape from shading analysis of telescopic CCD images, we derive rheologic quantities (lava viscosity during eruption, effusion rate, duration of the effusion process, magma rise speed) and the dimensions of the feeder dikes. We establish three rheologic groups characterised by specific combinations of rheologic properties and dike dimensions, where the most relevant discriminative parameter is the lava viscosity η. The first group is characterised by 10 4 Pa s < η < 10 6 Pa s and contains the domes with elongated vents in the Milichius/T. Mayer region and two similar domes in northern Mare Tranquillitatis.The second group with 10 2 Pa s < η < 10 4 Pa s comprises the very low aligned domes in northern Mare Tranquillitatis, and the third group with 10 6 Pa s < η < 10 8 Pa s the relatively steep domes near Hortensius and in the T. Mayer region. The inferred dike dimensions in comparison to lunar crustal thickness data indicate that the source regions of the feeder dikes are situated within the upper crust for six of the domes in northern Mare Tranquillitatis, while they are likely to be located in the lower crust and in the upper mantle for the other examined domes. By comparing the time scale of magma ascent with the time scale on which heat is conducted from the magma into the host rock, we find evidence that the importance of magma evolution processes during ascent such as coo...

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Section: Possible Mechanisms Responsible For the Broad Range Of Lava mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We examined the extracted Clementine UVVIS data in terms of reflectance at 750 nm, denoted by R 750 , and the R 415 /R 750 and R 950 /R 750 spectral ratios (Weitz and Head, 1999; cf. also Gaddis et al, 2003). The size of the sample area on the lunar surface was set to 2 × 2 km 2 .…”

Section: Clementine Imagery and Lunar Prospector Data: Surface Composmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures: Rheologic conditions, dimensions of feeder dikes, and the role of magma evolution

Wöhler

Lena²,

Phillips³

2007

Icarus

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“…2), a wide range of volcanic vents are observed (Schultz, 1976b): (1) circular to elongate rimless depressions associated with pyroclastic deposits ( Fig. 2A) (Lucchitta and Schmitt, 1974;Head and Wilson, 1979;Head et al, 2002;Gaddis et al, 2003); (2) summit pits on small, low shield volcanoes ( Fig. 2C) (Head and Gifford, 1980); (3) circular and elongate depressions associated with sinuous rilles (Fig.…”

Section: The Circum-caloris Irregular Rimless Depressions: Evidence Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 5.5-km-long, kidney-shaped, rimless depression ( Fig. 2A) is centrally located in the Sulpicius Gallus deposit, which is interpreted as a mantle of pyroclastic origin on the basis of geological and stratigraphic relationships (Head, 1974a), visual observations from orbit (Lucchitta and Schmitt, 1974), and spectral character (Gaddis et al, 2003). Exposures in the walls of the depression have been interpreted to represent~50-m-thick deposits of pyroclastic material similar to those sampled in related deposits on the southeastern margin of Serenitatis basin at the Apollo 17 site (Lucchitta and Schmitt, 1974).…”

Section: The Circum-caloris Irregular Rimless Depressions: Evidence Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanism on Mercury: Evidence from the first MESSENGER flyby for extrusive and explosive activity and the volcanic origin of plains

Head

Murchie

Prockter

et al. 2009

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

115

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“…The Aristarchus region of the Moon is an uplifted plateau that has been the site of extensive volcanism. A large rille emanates from the Cobra Head source vent, and the plateau is mantled in thick pyroclastic deposits that cover an area of $49 000 km 2 [17]. S-band images (Fig.…”

Section: Moonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geologic Studies of Planetary Surfaces Using Radar Polarimetric Imaging

Carter

Campbell

2011

Proc. IEEE

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| Radar is a useful remote sensing tool for studying planetary geology because it is sensitive to the composition, structure, and roughness of the surface and can penetrate some materials to reveal buried terrain. The Arecibo Observatory radar system transmits a single sense of circular polarization, and both senses of circular polarization are received, which allows for the construction of the Stokes polarization vector. From the Stokes vector, daughter products such as the circular polarization ratio, the degree of linear polarization, and linear polarization angle are obtained. Recent polarimetric imaging using Arecibo has included Venus and the Moon. These observations can be compared to radar data for terrestrial surfaces to better understand surface physical properties and regional geologic evolution. For example, polarimetric radar studies of volcanic settings on Venus, the Moon, and Earth display some similarities, but also illustrate a variety of different emplacement and erosion mechanisms. Polarimetric radar data provide important information about surface properties beyond what can be obtained from single-polarization radar.Future observations using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar will provide information on roughness, composition, and stratigraphy that will support a broader interpretation of surface evolution.

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Compositional analyses of lunar pyroclastic deposits

Cited by 207 publications

References 33 publications

Formation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures: Rheologic conditions, dimensions of feeder dikes, and the role of magma evolution

Formation of lunar mare domes along crustal fractures: Rheologic conditions, dimensions of feeder dikes, and the role of magma evolution

Volcanism on Mercury: Evidence from the first MESSENGER flyby for extrusive and explosive activity and the volcanic origin of plains

Geologic Studies of Planetary Surfaces Using Radar Polarimetric Imaging

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