Optical transmission measurements were performed on CdTe bulk single crystals. It was found that when sliced and polished CdTe wafers were used, a white film started to develop on the sample surface and the wafer became opaque when it was heated above 530K. Therefore, a bulk crystal of CdTe was first grown in the window area by physical vapor transport. The optical transmission was then measured between 304 and 1067K and from which the energy band gap was derived. The band gaps of CdTe can fit well as a function of temperature by the Varshni expression. Using the band gap data, the high temperature electron-hole equilibrium was numerically calculated by assuming Kane’s conduction band structure and a light-hole and a heavy-hole parabolic valence bands. The calculated intrinsic carrier concentrations agree well with the experimental data previously reported. The calculated intrinsic Fermi levels between 200 and 1200K were also presented.