Composition optimization and electrochemical properties of Mg-Al-Pb-(Zn) alloys as anodes for seawater activated battery

The role of Al 2 Ca and Al 2 (Sm,Ca,La) particles in the microstructures and electrochemical discharge performance of as‐extruded Mg‐3wt.%Al‐1wt.%Zn‐based alloys for primary Mg‐air batteries

“…Furthermore, minor rare earth (RE) further promotes the discharge performance of Mg‐Li‐based anodes . Wang and his coworkers reported the excellent discharge performance of Pb‐doped Mg‐based anodes (AP65 alloy for seawater activated batteries), and Wen et al followed‐up a systematic work on the compositional optimization of Mg‐Al‐Pb‐(Zn) anode . Similarly, minor RE (Ce, La, Y, etc) was also considered for the modification of Mg‐Al‐Pb anode to receive desired discharge performance .…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16] Wang and his coworkers reported the excellent discharge performance of Pb-doped Mg-based anodes (AP65 alloy for seawater activated batteries), [17][18][19][20][21][22] and Wen et al followed-up a systematic work on the compositional optimization of Mg-Al-Pb-(Zn) anode. 23 Similarly, minor RE (Ce, La, Y, etc) was also considered for the modification of Mg-Al-Pb anode to receive desired discharge performance. [24][25][26][27][28] The Sn-doped Mg anodes also drew some attention because of their promoted discharge performance after different post-treatment.…”

Foldable water-activated reserve battery with diverse voltages

“…Among them, water-activated batteries are quite attractive because they can be easily activated by injecting fresh water 18 or seawater. [19][20][21][22][23] The water-activated battery was developed in 1940s to satisfy a request for a highenergy-density, long-shelf-life battery for marine applications. It has been known that the reserve battery also has good lowtemperature performance, and been used in weather balloons, sonobuoys, radiosondes, electric torpedoes.…”

Microstructure and electrochemical corrosion behavior of extruded Mg–Al–Pb–La alloy as anode for seawater-activated battery

“…Magnesium alloys with high energy density, negative standard electrode potential, and large capacity can serve as anodes for seawater-activated batteries, magnesium-air batteries, dissolved-oxygen batteries, etc. [1][2][3][4][5]. In this backdrop, magnesium-based anodes such as Mg-Hg-Ga, Mg-Al-Pb, and Mg-Al-Tl with high cell voltages have recently been developed [6].…”

“…Thus, there is a trade-off between activation and passivation for magnesium. The choice of a suitable magnesium anode significantly impacts the properties of seawater-activated batteries [3,8]. The commonly utilized methods to further improve the properties of magnesium are alloying, plastic deformation, and heat treatment [5,10,12,13].…”