Composition of the essential oil of white sage, Salvia apiana

Abstract

KEY WORDS: Salvia apiana; white sage; essential oil composition; 1,8-cineole Gas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryThe dilutions used for GC-FID were also used for GC-MS. The GC-MS analysis was performed on an Agilent 6890/5973N instrument, using a DB-5MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 1 µm film thickness); carrier gas, helium at a constant flow of 1.2 ml/min; injection, 0.2 µl; sample split, 50:1; injector temperature, 280°C; GC oven temperature programme, 35°C for 2 min, rising at 5°C/min to 280°C, then held at 280°C for 2 min. The mass spectrometer conditions were: source temperature, 230°C, quadrupole, 150°C; solvent delay, 2.20 min; scan, 33-280 amu for the first 12.2 min, then 33-388 amu for the duration of the analysis. A preliminary analysis was performed using a Finnigan Mat SSQ710 instrument with an A200S autosampler, using a DB-5MS column (60 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 1 µm film thickness); carrier gas, helium at a constant pressure of 37 p.s.i.; injector temperature, 250°C; GC oven temperature programme, 50°C for 5 min, rising to 300°C at a rate of 25°C/ min, then held at 300°C for 10 min. The MS conditions were: source temperature, 150°C; manifold temperature, 70°C; mass range, 33-350; scan time, 0.5 s.

Phytochemical and biological evaluation of Salvia apiana

“…The plant is used for diaphoretic and diuretic effects (Dentali & Hoffmann 1990). Previous to our research, several compounds including flavonoids, mono-, sesqui-, di- and tri terpenes, have been already identified and/or isolated from S. apiana (Pettit et al 1966; González et al 1992; Luis, Lahlou, & Andrés 1996; Luis, Lahlou, Andrés, Sood, et al 1996; Dentali & Hoffmann 1990; Borek et al 2006; Abreu et al 2008; Takeoka et al 2010). However, this plant has not been studied for cannabinoid or opioid receptors activity.…”

“…Some of the species possess antimicrobial, antimalarial, anti-oxidant and antiproliferative activities (Loizzo et al 2014; Russo et al 2015; Jassbi et al 2016; Moridi Farimani & Abbas-Mohammadi 2016). Salvia apiana , commonly known as white sage, can be found scattered throughout southwestern North America, with the highest concentration in Southern California (Borek et al 2006). Natives to the Southern California region have been known to use the leaves in traditional Chumash healing involves prayer, relaxation and natural plant-based remedies to cure a variety of ailments (Takeoka et al 2010).…”

The Health-Benefits and Phytochemical Profile of Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue Decoctions

“…Although lowly exploited, S. apiana has been previously studied regarding its essential oils composition, which are known to contain high amounts of terpenes and terpene derivatives, particularly β-pinene, α-pinene, borneol, 1,8-cineole, campholenic acid, and β-caryophyllene [13,16]. Moreover, phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic or acetone extracts of this species have allowed the identification of distinct diterpenes and triterpenes, as well as the flavonoids cirsimaritin and salvigenin [17,18].…”

White Sage (Salvia apiana)–a Ritual and Medicinal Plant of the Chaparral: Plant Characteristics in Comparison with Other Salvia Species

“…oration apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[47]; b Branches and leaves; steam distillation; GC/FID and GC/MS[46]; c Dried aerial parts; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[54]; d Entire plant; steam distillation; analyzed with GC/FID and GC/MS[123]; e Dried leaves; extraction in anhydrous ethyl ether; GC[51]; f Fresh leaves; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[125]; g Dried distal parts of leafy shoots; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[126]; h Dried leaves; hydrodistillation, using n-hexane as collecting solvent; GC/FID and GC/MS[127]; i…”