Composition of Root Mucilage Polysaccharides from<i>Lepidium sativum</i>

Ray, T. C.; Callow, James A.; Kennedy, John F.

doi:10.1093/jxb/39.9.1249

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results suggest the possibility that cress plants may protect themselves by exuding from roots an allelopathic substance (lepidimoide) and polysaccharides (1,3,5), which …”

Section: Determination Of Isolated Compoundmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The allelopathy was not caused by contact with cress seeds, but was due to the mucilage of the germinated cress seeds, since seeds or seedlings of different species placed apart from the cress seeds on an agar plate also showed the effect (2). Longman and Callow (3) and Ray et al (5) reported that the mucilage of germinated cress seeds contained the polysaccharides that reduced binding of Pythium aphanidermatum to cress roots. However, our recent studies demonstrated that the allelopathic substance(s), the Mr of which was below 5 x 103, was different from the mucilage polysaccharides (1).…”

Section: -O-rhamnopyranosyl-4-deoxy-threo-hex-4-enopyranosiduronatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Isolation and Identification of Lepidimoide, a New Allelopathic Substance from Mucilage of Germinated Cress Seeds

Hasegawa¹,

Mizutani²,

Kosemura³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

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A new allelopathic substance that promoted the shoot growth of different plant species but inhibited the root growth was isolated as an amorphous powder from mucilage of germinated cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seeds. This substance was identified as sodium 2-O-rhamnopyranosyl-4-deoxy-threo-hex-4-enopyranosiduronate (designated lepidimoide) from the mass and the nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectra coupled with some chemical evi- Fig. 1). The allelopathy was not caused by contact with cress seeds, but was due to the mucilage of the germinated cress seeds, since seeds or seedlings of different species placed apart from the cress seeds on an agar plate also showed the effect (2). Longman and Callow (3) and Ray et al. (5) reported that the mucilage of germinated cress seeds contained the polysaccharides that reduced binding of Pythium aphanidermatum to cress roots. However, our recent studies demonstrated that the allelopathic substance(s), the Mr of which was below 5 x 103, was different from the mucilage polysaccharides (1).In this article, we report isolation and identification of an allelopathic substance from mucilage of germinated cress seeds and also report on some preliminary aspects of its biological activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialThree thousand cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.) were allowed to imbibe in distilled-deionized H20 for 1 h and put on a stainless steel net (3 mm mesh) in a stainless steel tray (40 x 40 x 3 cm3) containing 1.6 L of H20. The seeds on the net, in contact with the H20, were cultured at 250C in the dark for 2 d. The culture solution was aerated with an air pump during the culture period. PurificationThe culture solution was filtered through Toyo No. 1 filter paper and evaporated to dryness in vacuo at 350C. The concentrate was divided into acetone-soluble and -insoluble fractions. The biological activity of growth promotion of Amaranthus caudatus L. hypocotyls and growth inhibition of the roots was detected in the acetone-insoluble fraction. This fraction was dissolved in 10 mL of H20 and was then fractionated into three parts, of Mr above 105, from 105 to 5 X 103, and below 5 x 103 by molecular exclusion chromatography (Mol cut, Millipore Corp.). The biological activity was detected in the fraction of Mr below 5 x 103, and this was evaporated to dryness in vacuo at 350C. HPLCThe concentrate (approximately 150 mg) dissolved in H20 was purified by reverse phase HPLC (Waters, ,uBondasphere 5 ,um C18-100A; 19 mm x 15 cm; 100% H20, flow rate 5 mL/min; 214 nm detector). The biological activity was found in fractions with retention times of 5 to 8 min. The eluate was concentrated in vacuo at 350C and further purified by a second HPLC step (YMC Packed Column AQ-324 S-5 120A ODS; YMC Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan; 100% H20, 1 mL/min, 214 nm detector). The eluate at retention time 17.0 to 17.8 min showed biological activity and was evaporated to dryness in vacuo at 350C. It gave 6.5 mg of an amorphous powder.We checked whether its occurrence could be ascribed to con...

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“…These results suggest the possibility that cress plants may protect themselves by exuding from roots an allelopathic substance (lepidimoide) and polysaccharides (1,3,5), which …”

Section: Determination Of Isolated Compoundmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: -O-rhamnopyranosyl-4-deoxy-threo-hex-4-enopyranosiduronatementioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Lepidimoide, a New Allelopathic Substance from Mucilage of Germinated Cress Seeds

Hasegawa¹,

Mizutani²,

Kosemura³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

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“…Various functions have been attributed to root cap exudation including the maintenance of root-soil contact, lubrication of the root tip, protection of roots from desiccation, stabilization of soil micro-aggregates, and selective adsorption and storage of ions (Griffin et al, 1976;Rougier, 1981;Bengough and McKenzie, 1997;Hawes et al, 2000). Root mucilage is a reasonably studied root exudate that is believed to alter the surrounding soil as it is secreted from continuously growing root cap cells (Vermeer and McCully, 1982;Ray et al, 1988;McCully, 1995;Sims et al, 2000). Soil at field capacity typically possesses a matric potential of Ϫ5 to Ϫ10 kPa (Chaboud and Rougier, 1984).…”

Section: Alteration Of Soil Characteristics Through Exudationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Exudation and Rhizosphere Biology

et al. 2003

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“…Based on the glycosidic linkage patterns established from exudates of different plants, it appears that polysaccharides are highly diverse and often unique within a plant species. Moreover, the nature of the polysaccharides and other glycan-containing molecules of root exudates plays a major role in mediating root-microbe interactions (Hinch and Clarke, 1980;Irving and Grant, 1984;Ray and Callow, 1988;Cannesan et al, 2012, Nguema-Ona et al, 2013. Although hydroxyproline has been reported to be a minor component in maize and cress exudates (Ray and Callow, 1988), glycoproteins such as arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), which belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) family, have been found to occur in root secretions of many plant species, such as pea, arabidopsis and Brassica napus (Knee et al, 2001;Durand et al, 2009;Cannesan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root exudate ofSolanum tuberosumis enriched in galactose-containing molecules and impacts the growth ofPectobacterium atrosepticum

Koroney

Plasson

Pawlak

et al. 2016

Ann Bot

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Background and aims Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an important food crop and is grown worldwide. It is, however, significantly sensitive to a number of soil-borne pathogens that affect roots and tubers, causing considerable economic losses. So far, most research on potato has been dedicated to tubers and hence little attention has been paid to root structure and function.Methods In the present study we characterized root border cells using histochemical staining, immunofluorescence labelling of cell wall polysaccharides epitopes and observation using laser confocal microscopy. The monosaccharide composition of the secreted exudates was determined by gas chromatography of trimethylsilyl methylglycoside derivatives. The effects of root exudates and secreted arabinogalactan proteins on bacterial growth were investigated using in vitro bioassays.Key Results Root exudate from S. tuberosum was highly enriched in galactose-containing molecules including arabinogalactan proteins as major components. Treatment of the root with an elicitor derived from Pectobacterium atrosepticum, a soil-borne pathogen of potato, altered the composition of the exudates and arabinogalactan proteins. We found that the growth of the bacterium in vitro was differentially affected by exudates from elicited and nonelicited roots (i.e. inhibition versus stimulation).Conclusions Taken together, these findings indicate that galactose-containing polymers of potato root exudates play a central role in root-microbe interactions.

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Composition of Root Mucilage Polysaccharides fromLepidium sativum

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Isolation and Identification of Lepidimoide, a New Allelopathic Substance from Mucilage of Germinated Cress Seeds

Isolation and Identification of Lepidimoide, a New Allelopathic Substance from Mucilage of Germinated Cress Seeds

Root Exudation and Rhizosphere Biology

Root exudate ofSolanum tuberosumis enriched in galactose-containing molecules and impacts the growth ofPectobacterium atrosepticum

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