Composition of food grade Atlantic salts regarding triacylglycerides, polysaccharides and protein

Salt pan brine water as a sustainable source of sulphated polysaccharides with immunostimulatory activity

“…Sea salt has a slightly different composition comparing with the seawater and brine samples, with a higher content of ashes (36%) and protein (9%), and lower content of carbohydrates (28%) and sulphate esters (6%). This polymeric material composition is in agreement with described for the Atlantic Ocean salt, where 35% of carbohydrates, 14% of sulphate esters, and 4% of protein were reported [13]. Total content of polysaccharides in polymeric material of brine and seawater is 470 mg/g for Brine Sept, 528 mg/g for Brine Oct, and 568 mg/g for seawater (Table 2), considering the sulphate esters content.…”

“…The amount of polymeric material obtained was higher for the brines, around 370 mg/L, whereas from seawater only 67 mg/L were recovered. Sea salt revealed a content of 161 mg of polymeric material per one kilogram of salt, which is in accordance with the content reported for Atlantic Ocean sea salt [13]. Carbohydrates are the main component for all water samples, ranging from 40 to 47%.…”

“…Salt evaporation ponds are man-made systems where seawater gives rise to sea salt due to its evaporation by the combined effect of wind and sunlight. Marine salt has polymeric material (144 mg/kg) that is mainly constituted by highly sulphated polysaccharides (46% w/w), composed by 45 mol% of sulphate esters, 21 mol% of uronic acids, 18 mol% of glucose, 15 mol% of galactose, and 13 mol% of fucose residues [13]. These polysaccharides have origin in sea water marine organisms [14] entrapped in the crystalline matrix.…”

“…All water samples were dialysed using membranes with a cut-off of 12-14 kDa to obtain the polymeric material. The salt dialysis was performed as described by Silva et al [13]. All the dialysis occurred under stirring with 2-3 times daily water exchanges, after at least 6 h, ended when the conductivity of the dialysate water was similar to that of the distilled water.…”

Self-Activated SiO2/C Nanocomposite from Silica-Rich Marine Mucilage for Supercapacitor Applications

“…For MM, the weight loss between 200 °C and 550 °C was attributed to the degradation of biomolecules (such as polysaccharides and protein amino acid residues). 35,36 The significant weight loss above 750 °C can be attributed to the volatile metal loss and inorganic decomposition. 36 For the SiO 2 /C composite, steep weight loss was observed at 480 °C (Fig.…”