Composition of extractable organic matter in aerosols from urban areas of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil

Characterization of n‐Alkanes and PAHS in PM10 Samples in Prato (Italy)

“…This can be used as an approximate measure of the level contamination by petroleum residues. The U/R values for aerosol samples ranged from 0,2 to 2,1, similar to those values found by Azevedo et al 17 for rural and mixed western United States samples and implying that these sites are contaminated by coal combustion. 16 The contribution of wax terrestrial n-alkanes (WNA) was also estimated in order to determine the relative importance of biogenic and petrogenic sources.…”

“…This variability is due to differing relative contribution of the anthropogenic and biogenic sources. Compared with literature data the levels of n-alkanes are lower than those measured in Santiago de Chile (452,30-1439,12 ng/mc) 16 , in urban areas of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil (58,3-581,2 ng/mc) 17 and in LiWan district of Guangzhou City, PR China (26,4-719,2ng/mc) 18 and much higher than those in downtown Algiers (14,3-92,3 ng/mc) 19 and Hong Kong (6,5-41,1ng/mc) 20 . The concentrations of n-alkanes measured in this study are more comparable with those in urban areas of the Eastearn Mediterranean 21 .…”

Identification of organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles by on-line supercritical fluid extraction–liquid chromatography–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…Concentrations for odd n-alkanes were calculated from using calibration curves of adjacent even n-alkane standards. The distribution pattern of n-alkanes was similar but the concentration levels slightly below the levels observed in urban areas elsewhere [33][34][35]. The concentrations of n-alkanes were higher between C 20 and C 26 (average 9.7 ng/m 3 ) than between C 26 and C 34 (average 5.3 ng/m 3 ).…”

A heritage stone of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): the Facoidal gneiss

“…Anthropic pollutants (mainly from vehicular emissions) are more significant in the urbanized areas of Rio de Janeiro (Azevedo et al, 1999) and more active in stone decay processes than other present agents, especially in monuments located in narrow canyon-like streets surrounded by high buildings (Baptista Neto et al, 2011).…”