Composition of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Produced from 14 Wells in the Lower Silurian "Clinton" Sandstone and Medina Group, Northeastern Ohio and Northwestern Pennsylvania

Burruss, Robert A.; Ryder, Robert T.

doi:10.3133/ofr03409

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…matter (Dennen et al, 2007) whereas the liquids produced with isotopically heavier gases do not (Burruss and Ryder, 2003) consistent with the range of compositions of extracts from source rocks of this age (Hatch et al, 1987). These observations establish a strong correlation between the gases and source rocks in the Utica Formation and the stratigraphically equivalent Antes Formation in the northern Appalachian basin.…”

Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…As exploration has shifted to unconventional gas accumulations, a small number of studies (Jenden et al, 1993;Laughrey and Baldassare, 1998;Burruss and Ryder, 2003) have begun to report reversals in the normal sequence of isotopic compositions. Most previous studies report partial reversals in which d 13 C 1 > d 13 C 2 or d 13 C 2 > d 13 C 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most previous studies report partial reversals in which d 13 C 1 > d 13 C 2 or d 13 C 2 > d 13 C 3 . During studies on gas accumulations in tight gas sandstone (Burruss and Ryder, 2003) and fractured hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in the northern Appalachian Basin, USA, (Laughrey and Kostelnik, 2007) we discovered that all reservoirs with present day depths >3 km have hydrocarbon gases with d 13 C fully reversed such that d 13 C 1 > d 13 C 2 > d 13 C 3 and in some of the deepest samples, the hydrogen isotopic compositions (d 2 H) of C 1 and C 2 are also reversed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas: Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons

Burruss

Laughrey

2010

Organic Geochemistry

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a b s t r a c tDuring studies of unconventional natural gas reservoirs of Silurian and Ordovician age in the northern Appalachian basin we observed complete reversal of the normal trend of carbon isotopic composition, such that d 13 C methane (C 1 ) >d 13C ethane (C 2 ) >d 13 C propane (C 3 ). In addition, we have observed isotopic reversals in the d 2 H in the deepest samples. Isotopic reversals cannot be explained by current models of hydrocarbon gas generation. Previous observations of partial isotopic reversals have been explained by mixing between gases from different sources and thermal maturities. We have constructed a model which, in addition to mixing, requires Rayleigh fractionation of C 2 and C 3 to cause enrichment in 13 C and create reversals. In the deepest samples, the normal trend of increasing enrichment of 13 C and 2 H in methane with increasing depth reverses and 2 H becomes depleted as 13 C becomes enriched. We propose that the reactions that drive Rayleigh fractionation of C 2 and C 3 involve redox reactions with transition metals and water at late stages of catagenesis at temperatures on the order of 250-300°C. Published ab initio calculated fractionation factors for C-C bond breaking in ethane at these temperatures are consistent with our observations. The reversed trend in d 2 H in methane appears to be caused by isotopic exchange with formation water at the same temperatures. Our interpretation that Rayleigh fractionation during redox reactions is causing isotopic reversals has important implications for natural gas resources in deeply buried sedimentary basins.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas: Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons

Burruss

Laughrey

2010

Organic Geochemistry

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139

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“…Regional differences in natural gas composition must also be considered in evaluating possible oil and natural gas signatures on observed NMHC. For instance, methane composition of gas produced across Pennsylvania was reported to range from <75% methane to >90% methane (Burruss & Ryder, 2014;Colon-Roman & Ruppert, 2014). Produced gas from the Marcellus Shale in central and northeast Pennsylvania is considered "dry gas"; it is >85% methane with negligible liquid petroleum constituents, making its emissions signature difficult to source using NMHC tracers.…”

Section: Possible Influence Of Oandng Development On Isomers and Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Atmospheric Butanes and Pentanes and Their Isomeric Ratios in the Continental United States

Rossabi

Helmig

2018

JGR Atmospheres

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Nonmethane hydrocarbons have been used as tracers in research on emissions and atmospheric oxidation chemistry. This research investigates source region mixing ratio trends of the nonmethane hydrocarbons i‐butane, n‐butane, i‐pentane, and n‐pentane, and the (i/n) isomeric ratios of these compounds between 2001 and 2015. Data collected at Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations, mandated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in ozone nonattainment areas, and data collected at Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network sites within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration network, and analyzed at the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado‐Boulder, were examined. Among all considered species, linear regression analyses on concentration time series had negative slopes at 81% of sites, indicating predominantly declining butane and pentane atmospheric concentrations. Mostly negative slopes (78% of sites) were found for the (i/n) butane and pentane isomeric ratios, including all six and seven statistically significant (i/n) butane and pentane trends, respectively. Over the ~15 year investigation period and averaged over all sites, total relative changes were ~30 and 45% for the (i/n) ratios of butanes and pentanes, respectively, with a relative increase in the prominence of the n‐isomers. Most likely causes include changing isomeric ratios in gasoline sector emissions, and increasing influence of oil and natural gas industry emissions. Changes in concentrations and isomeric ratios depend on proximity of contributing emission sources to measurement sites.

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“…Most data reflect a sequence of decreasing carbon isotopic compositions from methane δ 13 Cto butane δ 13 C. However, since many years ago, isotope reversals were detected in deep wells (Jenden et al 1993, Laughrey & Baldassare 1998, Wavrek et al 1999, Hechem et al 2003, Burruss & Ryder 2003, and different explanations have been suggested to be theoretically possible, including gas mixing, abiotic sources, different levels of maturity, Rayleigh fractionation, late stage generation of methane and a combination of all or part of these processes (James & Burns 1984, Krouse 1988, Chung et al 1988, Jarvie et al 2007, Prinzhofer 2008, Behar et al 2010, Burrus & Laughrey 2010, Schoell 2011, Tilley & Muehlenbachs 2013. These data have contributed to evaluate new and not well known resources.…”

Section: Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shale gas plays, Neuquén Basin, Argentina: chemostratigraphy and mud gas carbon isotopes insights

Ostera

Garcia²,

Malizia³

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Geol.

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In order to enhance the knowledge of shale objectives from Vaca Muerta and Los Molles Formations in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina, chemostratigraphic and mud gas carbon isotope analyses were performed in two wells from Agua del Cajón and Salitral oilfields (ADC-1016 and NqSa-1148). Geochemical data show restricted levels in both cases to perforate and produce. In ADC-1016 well, Lower Los Molles Formation looks like the most suitable play to be produced. At El Salitral oilfield (NqSa-1148), the best remarkable Vaca Muerta-Quintuco objectives are associated with authigenic elements, in limited horizons. Enhancement of the Quintuco reservoir by deep circulating fluids (thermobaric reservoir) is suggested. Carbon isotope analysis reveals complex processes that affected the gas composition. Addition of microbial methane, biodegradation of ethane-propane and mixing of gases has been recognized. Isotope reversals and presumed water reforming of hydrocarbons have been registered associated with overpressure for Lower Los Molles Formation in the ADC-1016 well, which is pointed out as the most promising shale play in the area. Vaca Muerta gases at Agua del Cajon ADC- 1016 well are associated with the homonymous source. El Salitral 1148 well shows that primary isotope composition in gases from Vaca Muerta shale play and Quintuco reservoir could be associated with a Lower Los Molles source, an aloctonous charge related with the main structures of the area.

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Composition of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Produced from 14 Wells in the Lower Silurian "Clinton" Sandstone and Medina Group, Northeastern Ohio and Northwestern Pennsylvania

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas: Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons

Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas: Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons

Changes in Atmospheric Butanes and Pentanes and Their Isomeric Ratios in the Continental United States

Shale gas plays, Neuquén Basin, Argentina: chemostratigraphy and mud gas carbon isotopes insights

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