Composition and variation of major and trace elements in Croatian bottled waters

Peh, Zoran; Šorša, Ajka; Halamić, Josip

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2010.02.002

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Some classification systems are used to identify the chemical variation between bottled waters worldwide (Peh et al 2010;Cidu et al 2011;Oyebog et al 2012). The bottled waters of this study were also classified based on dominant ions, TDS and water hardness to identify the possible geochemical processors that controlled the quality of water.…”

Section: Hydrogeochemical Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of chemical variability of major bottled waters in Sri Lanka

Udagedara

Jayawardana

2014

Environ Earth Sci

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Bottled water is one of the major drinking water sources for travellers in tourist hubs in Sri Lanka. In this study, 32 major bottled water brands sold in the country were analyzed with 19 parameters by means of atomic absorption spectrometer, spectrophotometer and titration. The main objective of the present study is to investigate geochemical variations of Sri Lankan bottled waters in order to identify the main geochemical processes. A comparison of the element concentrations and the legal limits (Sri Lanka, US EPA and WHO) shows that only magnesium level in one brand is above the lower level set by Sri Lankan Standard. According to classifications based on European Union mineral water directive, all the brands indicate low mineral content (TDS 0-150 mg/L) and they are suitable for low sodium diets. Hardness of the water fluctuates within soft water (25 brands), moderately hard water (6 brands) and very hard water (1 brand). Accepted water quality classification systems were used to characterize the different bottled water types. Piper and stiff diagrams were used to establish that the dominant chemical types of the bottled waters are magnesium-calciumbicarbonate (11 brands), magnesium-calcium-sodiumbicarbonate (9 brands), sodium-magnesium-chloridesulphate (4 brands) and sodium-chloride-sulphate-bicarbonate (3 brands). According to dietary reference intakes, all the bottled water brands are significantly lower than the recommended human mineral requirements. This means that the bottled waters available in the country are useful for low mineral diets rather than sources for the necessary mineral intake.

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Section: Hydrogeochemical Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of chemical variability of major bottled waters in Sri Lanka

Udagedara

Jayawardana

2014

Environ Earth Sci

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“…3), using bottled water as a sampling medium, are described in the published geochemical atlas (Reimann and , in a special issue of the Journal of Exploration Geochemistry , and other publications (Birke et al, 2010b, c, d;Bityukova and Petersell, 2010;Bodiš et al, 2010;Brenčič and Vreča, 2010;Brenčič et al, 2010;Cicchella et al, 2010;Demetriades, 2010a, b;Dinelli et al, 2010;Dotsika et al, 2010;Frengstad et al, 2010;Fugedi et al, 2010;Lourenço et al, 2010;Peh et al, 2010;Reimann et al, 2010a, b;Petrović et al, 2010Petrović et al, , 2011Petrović et al, , 2012. Here, only some key results are presented in relation to Hellenic ground water geochemistry (Demetriades, 2010a).…”

Section: European Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geochemical Atlas of European ground water with emphasis on Hellas

2016

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A first impression of the geochemistry and quality of European ground water was obtained by using bottled mineral water as a sampling medium. In total, 1785 bottled waters were purchased from supermarkets of forty European countries, representing 1247 wells/drill holes/springs at 884 locations. All bottled waters were analysed for 72 parameters at the laboratories of the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) in Germany. The European geochemical maps give a first impression of the natural variation in ground water at the continental scale. The majority of European bottled waters are classified as of Ca-HCO 3 type, because of the widespread carbonate lithologies, but there is considerable variation from Na-HCO 3 type related to granitic rocks to Na-Cl type associated with deep saline brines. Since, the dominating lithology in Hellas comprises limestone, dolomitic limestone, marble, and mafic-ultramafic rocks (ophiolites), the dominant major ions in Hellenic bottled waters are Ca The source aquifers of Hellenic bottled water are apparently continuously replenished by fresh water. Chromium, V and U are discussed, because of their importance in Hellenic ground water. In Europe, the former is clearly related to ophiolites, whereas V indicates the presence of recent volcanism and basaltic rocks, and U is associated with granitic intrusions and Bunter (central England) and Keuper (central Europe) sandstone of early and late Triassic, respectively. It can, therefore, be concluded that geology is one of the key factors influencing the observed element concentrations for a significant number of elements. ΠερίληψηΣτην Ευρώπη είναι κατεγραμμένες πάνω από 1.900 μάρκες εμφιαλωμένων «με-ταλλικών νερών», η προέλευση των οποίων είναι από υπόγειους υδροφορείς. Η αγορά των εμφιαλωμένων νερών αναπτύσσεται με γοργούς ρυθμούς ως η κύρια παροχή πόσιμου νερού για το γενικό πληθυσμό σε μεγάλα τμήματα της Ευρω-παϊκής ηπείρου. Συνεπώς, θεωρήθηκε ότι η ανάλυσή τους μπορεί να αποτελέσει μιά φθηνή δυνατότητα, πρώτης προσέγγισης, της χημικής σύστασης των υπόγει-ων υδάτων των Ευρωπαϊκών χωρών. Αναγκαία πληροφορήση που συμπληρώνει τα αποτελέσματα του Γεωχημικού Άτλαντα της Ευρώπης, ο οποίος περιλαμβάνει ίζη-μα ρέματος, πλημμυρικό ίζημα, έδαφος (επιφανείας & βάθους) και ποτάμιο νερό [http://www.gtk.fi/publ/foregsatlas/]. Για τη μελέτη αυτή αγοράσθηκαν 1.785 εμφι-αλωμένα νερά από όλες τις Ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, τα οποία αντιπροσωπεύουν 1.247 πηγάδια / πηγές / γεωτρήσεις από 884 θέσεις. Τα δείγματα των εμφιαλωμένων νερών αναλύθηκαν στο εργαστήριο του Ομοσπον-διακού Ινστιτούτου Γεωεπιστημών και Φυσικών Πόρων της Γερμανίας για 72 χημι-κά στοιχεία και παραμέτρους, ήτοι (i) με ICP-MS για Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, I, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, Pb, Pr, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn, Zr, (ii) με ICP-AES για Ba, Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, P, Si, (iii) με IC για Br-, Cl-, F-, NO + , (v) πο-τενσιομετρικά το pH,...

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“…Kapljice water in terms of anions, or Studena water in terms of chloride and increased concentration of iodine (Peh et al, 2010). Jazak water was taken from Pannonian Basin, but the spring area belongs to Mt.…”

Section: General Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnesium water is very rare which makes this water very special. Besides in Serbia, Mg water is also bottled in Slovenia (Donat), while in Germany (Birke et al, 2010b), Italy and Croatia (Peh et al, 2010) similar water does not exist.…”

Section: General Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%