Composition and size distributions of particles released in refuse incineration

Greenberg, Ronald I.; Zoller, William H.; Gordon, Glen E.

doi:10.1021/es60141a011

Cited by 275 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…13 As the normalization reference element, Al is usually used because it is a chemically inactive or stable element among analyte elements. 12,14,15 However, as described earlier, the analytical results for Al were not reliable, so that Ti was chosen as an alternative normalization reference element in the present work, because Ti is also a chemically inactive element.…”

Section: Estimation Of Enrichment Factors For the Elements In Pm10 Samentioning

confidence: 95%

Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particulate Matter in Ambient Air of Nagoya, Japan, as Studied by the Multielement Determination with ICP-AES and ICP-MS

et al. 2007

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Section: Estimation Of Enrichment Factors For the Elements In Pm10 Samentioning

confidence: 95%

Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particulate Matter in Ambient Air of Nagoya, Japan, as Studied by the Multielement Determination with ICP-AES and ICP-MS

et al. 2007

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“…Whatever MSW combustor used, combustion of MSW produces two kinds of solid residues: (i) bottom ashes recovered from the primary combustor, and (ii) residues recovered from the treatment of flue gas. Due to their high contents of pollutant elements [1][2][3][4][5][6], many studies have been devoted to the characterization of flue gas residues, and particularly of electrostatic precipitator (ESP)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature behavior of electrostatic precipitator ash from municipal solid waste combustors

Forestier

Libourel

2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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To cite this version:Lydie Le Forestier, Guy Libourel. High temperature behavior of electrostatic precipitator ash from municipal solid waste combustors. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Elsevier, 2008, 154, pp.373-380 AbstractMunicipal solid waste (MSW) flue gas residues require further treatment prior to disposal or reuse, and vitrification is one of the main solidification-stabilization processes. This paper investigates the high temperature behavior of MSW flue gas residues, performed in laboratory experiments up to 1400°C, and coupled with thermogravimetric analyses, X-ray diffraction, chemical and electron microprobe analyses. Melting temperatures of electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ash are in the range of 1202-1272 °C, whereas semi-dry scrubber residues melt between 1900 and 2300 °C. We show that the mean liquidus temperature of flue gas residues can be simply evaluated from their CaO content, by using the CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 ternary diagram. For ESP ash, the liquidus phase is a Zn-rich aluminous spinel, followed by anorthite at 1225 °C, and melilite at 1190 °C. The total mass loss reaches 18 wt.% at 1300 °C. Moreover, 90% of evaporation takes place below 1000 °C, linked to evaporation of C, Cl, S, Na, K, and of the toxic metals Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu. Due to the high partial pressure of chlorine during heating, chloride is the most probable form of evaporation for Cd, Pb, and Cu. However, most of Zn, Cr, Ni, Sb and Sn remain in the vitrified product.

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“…As the temperature decreases downstream, they may nucleate and grow to form a submicrometer-sized aerosol that is difficult to capture in conventional air-pollution control devices. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Fine particles may pose enhanced health risks; 7 thus, EPA is considering modifying the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter. 8 The metallic species have been reported to be enriched in combustion exhausts (compared to their concentrations in the feed).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Toxic Metal Emissions from Combustors Using Sorbents: A Review

Biswas

1998

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

171

123

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This paper constitutes a review of the control of toxic metal emissions using sorbents. The objective of sorbent-injection methods is to effectively capture the metal species (preferably transform it to an environmentally benign form) and to suppress the fraction in the submicrometer mode. The design of an effective sorbent-injection methodology thus requires an understanding of the fate of the metallic species and its transformation pathways (transfer to the gas phase, subsequent chemistry at high temperatures, and aerosol formation and growth dynamics) in the combustor. Several different sorbent methodologies used for metals capture are discussed, and a mechanistic description is provided. The need for further experimentation and pilot scale testing is also emphasized.

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Composition and size distributions of particles released in refuse incineration

Cited by 275 publications

References 6 publications

Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particulate Matter in Ambient Air of Nagoya, Japan, as Studied by the Multielement Determination with ICP-AES and ICP-MS

Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particulate Matter in Ambient Air of Nagoya, Japan, as Studied by the Multielement Determination with ICP-AES and ICP-MS

High temperature behavior of electrostatic precipitator ash from municipal solid waste combustors

Control of Toxic Metal Emissions from Combustors Using Sorbents: A Review

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