Composition and removal of nutrients by the harvested fruit of avocado cv. Hass in Antioquia

Tamayo, Alvaro Diego Rengifo; Bernal, Adriana; Díaz, Adriana Pulido

doi:10.15446/rfna.v71n2.71929

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…In the case of K and S, the last two stages of fruit development showed the highest concentrations, while in B they were S-II and S-III. The 'Méndez' fruit in S-harvest showed higher concentrations of N, K, Zn and B than 'Hass' fruit while there was similarity in the concentrations of P, Ca, Mg and S (Salazar-García et al, 2011;Tamayo et al, 2018). The equation that best explained the temporal behavior of the mesocarp concentration for N, P, K, Ca, S and B was the third-degree one (R 2 = 0.99), except S which showed the lowest indicator (R 2 = 0.71).…”

Section: Concentration and Accumulation Of Nutrients In Mesocarpmentioning

confidence: 87%

Accumulation of nutrients during the development of ‘Méndez’ avocado fruit

Salazar-García

Álvarez-Bravo

Ibarra-Estrada

et al. 2019

Terra

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Balanced and timely nutrition is important to ensure the yield and quality of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit. This research was carried out in the cv. Méndez with the objectives of a) to describe the dynamics of fruit growth and the process of dry matter accumulation in mesocarp, b) to quantify the concentration and accumulation of nutrients in the mesocarp (pulp) during fruit development. In a commercial orchard with site-specif ic fertilization, 20 trees were selected and 30 summer flowering inflorescences per production cycle (2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17) were marked in each one. Five fruits per tree were randomly collected in f ive stages of development, from olive size to harvest, and the dry matter of the mesocarp and the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B in this tissue were quantif ied. The fruit required 300 days from anthesis to harvest. It showed accelerated growth in the f irst three stages of development (S-Olive, S-I and S-II) and lower growth in the last stage (S-III). Dry matter accumulation was constant during fruit development, although the largest accumulation occurred in S-III. In general, the concentration of nutrients in the mesocarp decreased with fruit development and its accumulation increased. The greatest fruit growth occurred in the f irst 185 post-anthesis days, when the mesocarp accumulated less than one-third of the total nutrients required until harvest. The results indicate the need to review how nutrients are supplied to the tree, to make sure they are adequately provided during fruit development.

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Section: Concentration and Accumulation Of Nutrients In Mesocarpmentioning

confidence: 87%

Accumulation of nutrients during the development of ‘Méndez’ avocado fruit

Salazar-García

Álvarez-Bravo

Ibarra-Estrada

et al. 2019

Terra

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“…The leaf samples collected during flowering had significantly higher Al, Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn concentrations, and lower foliar Cu and Zn concentrations than those collected during fruit development. Foliar Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn concentrations are lowest during fruit development due to the nutrient demand from developing fruit [55][56][57]. The foliar Cu concentration can be low during flowering due to Cu demand by flowers [55,57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral Imaging of Adaxial and Abaxial Leaf Surfaces for Rapid Assessment of Foliar Nutrient Concentrations in Hass Avocado

et al. 2023

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Rapid assessment tools are required for monitoring crop nutrient status and managing fertiliser applications in real time. Hyperspectral imaging has emerged as a promising assessment tool to manage crop nutrition. This study aimed to determine the potential of hyperspectral imaging for predicting foliar nutrient concentrations in avocado trees and establish whether imaging different sides of the leaves affects prediction accuracy. Hyperspectral images (400–1000 nm) were taken of both surfaces of leaves collected from Hass avocado trees 0, 6, 10 and 28 weeks after peak anthesis. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were developed to predict mineral nutrient concentrations using images from (a) abaxial surfaces, (b) adaxial surfaces and (c) combined images of both leaf surfaces. Modelling successfully predicted foliar nitrogen (RP2 = 0.60, RPD = 1.61), phosphorus (RP2 = 0.71, RPD = 1.90), aluminium (RP2 = 0.88, RPD = 2.91), boron (RP2 = 0.63, RPD = 1.67), calcium (RP2 = 0.88, RPD = 2.86), copper (RP2 = 0.86, RPD = 2.76), iron (RP2 = 0.81, RPD = 2.34), magnesium (RP2 = 0.87, RPD = 2.81), manganese (RP2 = 0.87, RPD = 2.76) and zinc (RP2 = 0.79, RPD = 2.21) concentrations from either the abaxial or adaxial surface. Foliar potassium concentrations were predicted successfully only from the adaxial surface (RP2 = 0.56, RPD = 1.54). Foliar sodium concentrations were predicted successfully (RP2 = 0.59, RPD = 1.58) only from the combined images of both surfaces. In conclusion, hyperspectral imaging showed great potential as a rapid assessment tool for monitoring the crop nutrition status of avocado trees, with adaxial surfaces being the most useful for predicting foliar nutrient concentrations.

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“…Hass at the Antioquia province that have been in production for the exportation market for 5 years since 2016. Orchards had comparable nutrient management ( Tamayo-Vélez et al, 2018 ), allowing for litter decomposition ( Tamayo-Vélez and Osorio, 2018 ) without irrigation or hormone supplements, and were only subjected to annual light correctional pruning. Orchards spanned three different agroecological regions, two in the dairy Northern Andean highland plateau, four in the Eastern Andean highland plateau, and two in the Southwest coffee region ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Rootstock Effects in Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass

et al. 2020

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Grafting is typically utilized to merge adapted seedling rootstocks with highly productive clonal scions. This process implies the interaction of multiple genomes to produce a unique tree phenotype. However, the interconnection of both genotypes obscures individual contributions to phenotypic variation (rootstock-mediated heritability), hampering tree breeding. Therefore, our goal was to quantify the inheritance of seedling rootstock effects on scion traits using avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass as a model fruit tree. We characterized 240 diverse rootstocks from 8 avocado cv. Hass orchards with similar management in three regions of the province of Antioquia, northwest Andes of Colombia, using 13 microsatellite markers simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Parallel to this, we recorded 20 phenotypic traits (including morphological, biomass/reproductive, and fruit yield and quality traits) in the scions for 3 years (2015–2017). Relatedness among rootstocks was inferred through the genetic markers and inputted in a “genetic prediction” model to calculate narrow-sense heritabilities (h2) on scion traits. We used three different randomization tests to highlight traits with consistently significant heritability estimates. This strategy allowed us to capture five traits with significant heritability values that ranged from 0.33 to 0.45 and model fits (r) that oscillated between 0.58 and 0.73 across orchards. The results showed significance in the rootstock effects for four complex harvest and quality traits (i.e., total number of fruits, number of fruits with exportation quality, and number of fruits discarded because of low weight or thrips damage), whereas the only morphological trait that had a significant heritability value was overall trunk height (an emergent property of the rootstock–scion interaction). These findings suggest the inheritance of rootstock effects, beyond root phenotype, on a surprisingly wide spectrum of scion traits in “Hass” avocado. They also reinforce the utility of polymorphic SSRs for relatedness reconstruction and genetic prediction of complex traits. This research is, up to date, the most cohesive evidence of narrow-sense inheritance of rootstock effects in a tropical fruit tree crop. Ultimately, our work highlights the importance of considering the rootstock–scion interaction to broaden the genetic basis of fruit tree breeding programs while enhancing our understanding of the consequences of grafting.

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Composition and removal of nutrients by the harvested fruit of avocado cv. Hass in Antioquia

Abstract: Composición y remoción de nutrientes por la cosecha de aguacate cv. Hass en Antioquia ABSTRACT

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Accumulation of nutrients during the development of ‘Méndez’ avocado fruit

Accumulation of nutrients during the development of ‘Méndez’ avocado fruit

Hyperspectral Imaging of Adaxial and Abaxial Leaf Surfaces for Rapid Assessment of Foliar Nutrient Concentrations in Hass Avocado

Inheritance of Rootstock Effects in Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass

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