Composition and properties of the so-called “diamond-like” amorphous carbon films

Angus, John C.; Stultz, Janet E.; Shiller, Paul; MacDonald, Jack R.; Mirtich, Michael J.; Domitz, S.

doi:10.1016/0040-6090(84)90202-5

Cited by 83 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The G-peak observed at 1580 cm À1 is due to sp 2 bonded carbon arising from the carbon-carbon double degenerate stretching modes in the hexagonal layers. This is also accompanied with a weak peak at 1610 cm À1 assigned to amorphous carbon and/or microcrystalline graphite [19,20]. The strain dependence of graphite materials may be measured at molecular level using Raman Spectroscopy.…”

Section: Edx Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural characterisation of nuclear grade graphite

Jones¹,

Hall²,

Joyce³

et al. 2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Section: Edx Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normalised Raman frequency shifts as a function of applied compressive strain for baked carbon, graphitized materials and carbon fibre[20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterisation of nuclear grade graphite

Jones¹,

Hall²,

Joyce³

et al. 2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…The hydrogen rich sp 3 -binding of its carbon atoms offers strong adhesion to the substrate material [9,10]. Physical properties of this noncrystalline and amorphous coating are likely to those of diamond [9,13] which named it Diamond-Like-Carbon (DLC). Among the good adhesion of deposited DLC on Titanium-alloy, this coating offered extreme hardness with high resistance to abrasive wear, good lubrication and a relatively low coefficient of friction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third attempt is based on improvement of existing bearing surfaces. Polyethylene (PE) as well as metallic heads are subject of improvement for wear characteristics by refinement of the surfaces by coating with wear resistant materials [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Diamond‐Like‐Carbon and Alumina‐Oxide articulating with Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Taeger¹,

Podleska

Schmidt

et al. 2003

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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To reduce wear in joint bearings of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the most important issue for improving long term results and implant survival. Due to low wear rates and excellent tribological features in simulator tests Diamond-Like-Carbon coating (DLC) of femoral balls is still discussed as an alternative articulation in THA. This clinical prospective study compares survivorship of DLCcoated femoral heads and of Aluminia-Oxide-(Al 2 O 3 ) heads articulating with Polyethylene (PE).Over a period of two years 101 THA with DLC-coated heads and PE cups (DLC-group) and another 101 THA consisting of Al 2 O 3 heads (Al 2 O 3 -group) and PE cups as well were implanted. Both articulations were based on the same type of cementless hip joint prosthesis. All hips were implanted by one surgeon in consecutive series consisting of 51 Al 2 O 3 and 101 DLC-articulations and further 50 Al 2 O 3 . All perioperative and follow-up data was processed with SPSS J . Survival of THA in both groups was evaluated according to Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis with an intervall of 90 months (range:78-101). Qualitative surface analysis was performed in nineteen retrieved DLC-heads which were revised for aseptic loosening using field scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, XL 30 SFEG Philips, Eindoven NL).178 patients (88.2 %) were evaluated for follow-up. Fourteen patients died meantimes (nine DLC, five Al 2 O 3 ) with the implant components not revised. Ten patients (five DLC, five Al 2 O 3 ) were lost to follow-up. Both groups were comparable regarding patient age, weight and indications for THA with a normal distribution. Survivorship analysis for aseptic loosening 8.5 years following implantation resulted in a significant difference between both groups with a 54 % survival for DLC/PE compared to 88 % for Al 2 O 3 /PE bearings (p <0.001). No correlation to variables as age, gender or bodyweight could be detected. Surfaces of nineteen retrieved DLC-heads showed numerous smallest pits of the diamond-carbon layers in different quantity. SEM showed delamination of the carbon layer which caused excessive debris of polyethylene and in some cases even of the metallic substrate of the heads.Despite modern manufacturing technology and excellent experimental results for its tribochemical characteristics and wear, even "new" DLC-coating of femoral heads is to be considered critically due to very high rates of clinical failure. Obwohl moderne Fertigungstechniken mit sehr guten experimentellen Ergebnissen hinsichtlich Tribochemie und Verschleiß verbunden sind, müssen DLC-Beschichtungen zukünftig für diese Anwendung angesichts der immens hohen klinischen Versagensquote mit größter Zurückhaltung betrachtet werden.Schlagworte: Diamond-Like-Carbon,

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“…The films must be differentiated from diamond layers, fabricated using plasma-based or hot-filament deposition, which are polycrystaUine materials, with crystallites up to tens of microns in size, having the diamond structure. Since they were first deposited by Aisenberg and Chabot in 1971 [1], DLC films have been prepared by a variety of methods, including dc or rf plasma-assisted CVD, sputtering, and ion-beam deposition, from a variety of carbon-bearing, soUd, or gaseous source materials [2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamondlike carbon films by rf plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition from acetylene

1990

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This paper is an overview of studies performed at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center on diamondlilte carbon (hydrogenated amorphous carbon) films, including some recent results on their tribological properties. The films were prepared by rf plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) from acetylene. Their structure and composition were characterized by a variety of methods such as X-ray and TEM diffractometry, XPS, high-resolution ^^C NMR spectroscopy, and H(^^Na,7)C nuclear-reaction profiling. Their adhesion to various substrates, coefficients of static and dynamic friction, and wear resistance were also characterized. It was ^Copyright 1990 by International Business Macliines Corporation. Copying in printed form for private use is permitted without payment of royalty provided that (1) each reproduction is done without alteration and (2) the Journal reference and IBM copyright notice are included on the first page. The title and abstract, but no other portions, of this paper may be copied or distributed royalty free without further permission by computer-based and other information-service systems. Permission to republish any other portion of this paper must be obtained from the Editor.found that the films were essentially amorphous, reaching their bulk composition after 40 nm of growth above the initial growth interface. Their bulk composition included about 40% hydrogen. More diamondlike carbon bonding was obtained at the initial growth interface than in the bulk range. The ratio of sp^ to sp^ carbon atoms was found to be 1.6, with virtually all sp^ carbon atoms bound to one or more hydrogen atoms. The diamondlike carbon films (DLC) displayed excellent adhesion to the surface of Si. Furthermore, the films could be bonded to films of otherwise nonbonding metals, provided the metals formed stable silicides. By using an interfacial Si film several atomic layers thick, adhesion to the metal films could be improved to the extent that attempts to detach the DLC films fractured the underlying metal films. The adhesive DLC films were found to have a very high resistance to sliding wear and chemical attack, and are therefore useful in various applications as very thin protective coatings. 849

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Composition and properties of the so-called “diamond-like” amorphous carbon films

Cited by 83 publications

References 16 publications

Microstructural characterisation of nuclear grade graphite

Microstructural characterisation of nuclear grade graphite

Comparison of Diamond‐Like‐Carbon and Alumina‐Oxide articulating with Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Diamondlike carbon films by rf plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition from acetylene

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