Composition and origins of aerosol at a forested mountain in Soviet Georgia

Dzubay, Thomas G.; Stevens, Robert K.; Haagenson, Phillip L.

doi:10.1021/es00129a012

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Liousse et al (1996) and Chung and Seinfeld (2002) are depicted by open squares and closed diamonds, respectively. Measurements taken from: Hidy et al, 1974;Hoffmann and Duce, 1974;1977;Ketseridis et al, 1976;Chesselet et al, 1981;Andreae, 1982;1983;Andreae et al, 1984;Dzubay et al, 1984;Ohta and Okita, 1984;Cachier et al, 1986;1990;1994;Japar et al, 1986;Wolff et al, 1986;Clarke, 1989;Mukai et al, 1990;Novakov and Penner, 1993;Chow et al, 1994;Liousse et al, 1996;Novakov et al, 1997;Castro et al, 1999;Molnár et al, 1999;Kim et al, 2000;Puxbaum et al, 2000. (b) Comparison of OC calculations in case S1.8 with observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The continuous line shows the 1:1 relationship between model results and measurements. Measurements taken from: Andreae et al, 1984;Dzubay et al, 1984;Ohta and Okita, 1984;Cachier et al, 1986;1990;1994;Japar et al, 1986;Wolff et al, 1986;Hansen et al, 1988;Noone and Clarke, 1988;Clarke, 1989;Mukai et al, 1990;Heintzenberg and Bigg, 1990;Jennings and O'Dowd, 1990;Hopper et al, 1991;Yaaqub et al, 1991;Jennings et al, 1993;Polissar, 1993;Raunemaa et al, 1993;1994;Chow et al, 1994;Heintzenberg and Leck, 1994;Bodhaine, 1995;Berner et al, 1996;Liousse et al, 1996;Lowe et al, 1996;Pio et al, 1996;Bahrmann and Saxena, 1998;Wolff and Cachier, 1998;Bizjak et al, 1999;Castro et al, 1999;Chýlek et al, 1999;Hitzenberger et al, 1999;Zappoli et al, 1999;Kaneyasu and Murayama, 2000;Kim et al, 2000;Novakov et al, 2000;Puxbaum et al, 2000. …”

Section: Comparison With Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global modelling of secondary organic aerosol in the troposphere: a sensitivity analysis

2003

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Abstract.A global 3-dimensional chemistry/transport model able to describe O 3 , NO x , Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), sulphur and NH 3 chemistry has been extended to simulate the temporal and spatial distribution of primary and secondary carbonaceous aerosols in the troposphere focusing on Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation. A number of global simulations have been performed to determine a possible range of annual global SOA production and investigate uncertainties associated with the model results. The studied uncertainties in the SOA budget have been evaluated to be in decreasing importance: the potentially irreversible sticking of the semi-volatile compounds on aerosols, the enthalpy of vaporization of these compounds, the partitioning of SOA on non-carbonaceous aerosols, the conversion of aerosols from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, the emissions of primary carbonaceous aerosols, the chemical fate of the first generation products and finally the activity coefficient of the condensable species. The large uncertainties associated with the emissions of VOC and the adopted simplification of chemistry have not been investigated in this study. Although not all sources of uncertainties have been investigated, according to our calculations, the above factors within the experimental range of variations could result to an overall uncertainty of about a factor of 20 in the global SOA budget. The global annual SOA production from biogenic VOC might range from 2.5 to 44.5 Tg of organic matter per year, whereas that from anthropogenic VOC ranges from 0.05 to 2.62 Tg of organic matter per year. These estimates can be considered as a lower limit, since partitioning on coarse particles like nitrate, dust or sea-salt, together with the partitioning and the dissociation of the semi-volatile products in aerosol water has been neglected. Comparison of model results to observations, where available, shows a better agreement for the upper budget estimates than for the lower ones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global modelling of secondary organic aerosol in the troposphere: a sensitivity analysis

2003

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“…Finally, impactors can classify particles over a wide range of particle sizes: as low as 0.005 pm (Fernandez de la Mora et al, 1990) and as large as approximately 50 pm (Vanderpool et al, 1987). This paper describes a general purpose cascade impactor that has been developed in our laboratory and used in a variety of studies including visibility studies (McMurry et al, 1986;McMurry and Zhang, 1989), underground mine studies , and general atmospheric pollution studies (Macias et al, 1981;Dzubay et al, 1984). The impactor, called a microorifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI model 100, MSP Corp., Minneapolis, Minn.), is the integration of two earlier impactor developments: the microorifice impactor (MOI) and the uniform deposit impactor (UDI) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI): Description, Calibration, and Use

Marple

Rubow

Behm

1991

Aerosol Science and Technology

623

398

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An eight-stage cascade impactor, with cut-sizes ranging from 0.056 to 18 pm at a flow rate of 30 L/min, has been developed, calibrated, and tested in field programs. This impactor, called a microorifice uniform deposit impactor, has several features not normally found in cascade impactors. Ultrafine particles as small as 0.056 pm are collected while keeping the pressure drop moderate by utilizing multiple nozzles (up to 2000) as small as 52 pm in diameter. At each stage the collected particles are deposited uniformly over the entire impaction plate by rotating the impaction plate relative to the nozzles and by the correct radial placement of the nozzles. The particle cutoff characteristics (collection efficiency curves) of each stage and interstage losses were determined by means of monodisperse aerosols. The cutoff characteristics were found to he sharp and similar for all stages.

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“…This unexpected pattern could be an artifact for V because it was measured in only few samples during summer period, concentrations of Ni and Cu in winter can be attributed to their local sources. Smelters at Samsun, Murgul (Artvin), Georgia and Ukraine (Dzubay and Stevens, 1984) may be the nearby sources that can affect seasonal variation in concentrations of these elements. Rain scavenging was shown to be the main reason determining seasonal variation in concentrations of elements at Eastern Mediterranean as well (Karakaş et al, 2004;Doğan et al, 2008;Koçak et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total contribution of W, NW and E is 56%. Such flow frequencies from these wind sectors reveal that countries such as Ukraine, Georgia and Russia are important source regions for the observed concentrations of pollutants (Tokgöz, 2013;Tokgöz et al, 2012;Hacısalihoğlu et al, 1992;Dzubay and Stevens, 1984).…”

Section: Flow Climatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variations of Eastern Black Sea Aerosol

2018

Global NEST Journal

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In this study, chemical composition of coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine (PM2.5) aerosols and their seasonal characteristics was used to investigate factors affecting seasonal variations in concentrations of species. Concentrations of 17 trace elements and SO4 2-were determined in coarse and fine aerosol samples collected at a high altitude (1115 m above sea level) site (Torul, 40°32'34"N 39°16'57"E) between March 2011 to November 2012 on the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. The samples were analyzed by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) using an Oxford ED-2000 Spectrometer. Measured concentrations varied between approximately 0.40 ± 0.7 ng m -3 for As and 2070 ± 1270 ng m -3 for SO4 2-. Soil-derived elements, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V and Fe, had higher concentrations in the coarse fraction as expected. The results indicated that concentrations of elements showed well-defined seasonal variations. Crustal elements showed higher concentration in summer. Na, which is an element generally associated with sea salt had also higher concentrations in summer season, suggesting a strong crustal contribution to Na concentration at our station. Anthropogenic elements As, Zn, Pb and Cr had comparable concentrations in both seasons. Cu, Ni, and V, had higher concentrations in winter season due to sources close to sampling point. Crustal enrichment factors of Ni, Cu, Cr, As, Pb, Zn and SO4 2-varied between 12 for Ni and 800 for SO4 2-. Upper atmospheric flow climatology showed that most frequent flow direction was the sector between West and North, indicating the regions between these wind sectors are the potential source regions for the observed levels of species.

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Composition and origins of aerosol at a forested mountain in Soviet Georgia

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Global modelling of secondary organic aerosol in the troposphere: a sensitivity analysis

Global modelling of secondary organic aerosol in the troposphere: a sensitivity analysis

A Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI): Description, Calibration, and Use

Temporal variations of Eastern Black Sea Aerosol

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