The South China Block (SCB) is one of the main tectonic blocks of East Asia. It is widely believed that the SCB was formed by the amalgamation of the Yangtze Craton (YC) and the Cathaysia Block (CB) during the early Neoproterozoic time (cf. G. Zhao & Cawood, 2012). The subsequent tectonic evolution of the SCB has been controlled by a number of tectonomagmatic events in the middle Paleozoic and Mesozoic associated with intracontinental reworking and/or the subduction of the Pacific plate (cf. . In particular, widespread volcanic activity occurred during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (H. Zhang, Zheng, et al., 2018;Zhao et al., 2015). Yet, the mechanisms responsible for such extrusive activity and their effect on the overall lithospheric structure and evolution of the region remains contentious . In this context, the present-day thermochemical structure of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) holds important clues, not only because it controls key physical properties (e.g., mantle density and viscosity), but because any evolutionary hypothesis needs to be consistent with it.Information on the compositional and thermal structure of the SCLM can be obtained from different sources. For instance, mantle xenoliths and xenocrysts in volcanic rocks provide a direct probe (cf. Griffin et al., 2009Griffin et al., , 2004. Petrological and geochemical studies of mantle xenoliths indicate that there is a significant difference in composition between the cratonic lithosphere in the western SCB and that in the eastern SCB. Due to the absence of abundant and spatially distributed mantle samples, however, the composition and evolution of the SCLM beneath the interior of the SCB are not well constrained (e.g.,