Composition and distribution of mesozooplankton in the Nansen Basin, Arctic Ocean, during summer

Mumm, N.

doi:10.1007/bf00233136

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The other herbivorous Arctic species, C. glacialis , also accumulates large amounts of lipids. The boreal North Atlantic species, C. finmarchicus , which is transported far to the north by Atlantic currents, occurs also in the pack-ice regions of the Greenland Sea (Hirche 1989) , and it is present as an expatriate even in the central Arctic Ocean (Mumm 1993) . Lipid storage in C. finmarchicus is only slightly less pronounced than in the more polar congeners ( Fig.…”

Section: Herbivorous Copepodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids in marine copepods: latitudinal characteristics and perspective to global warming

Kattner

Hagen

2009

Lipids in Aquatic Ecosystems

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Section: Herbivorous Copepodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids in marine copepods: latitudinal characteristics and perspective to global warming

Kattner

Hagen

2009

Lipids in Aquatic Ecosystems

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“…How the inflow of Atlantic species will manifest itself in Arctic food webs in the future is less clear. For example the Atlantic copepod Calanus finmarchicus contributes 30-40% to zooplankton biomass in the western Nansen basin (Mumm, 1993;Kosobokova and Hirche, 2009;Wassmann et al, 2015), but so far this species has not been able to reproduce in the Arctic Ocean and high non-predatory mortality is observed (Hirche and Kosobokova, 2007;Daase et al, 2014). The reasons for this are not fully understood, but low temperatures in the upper layer may slow development considerably, leading to a failure of reaching the main overwintering stages within one season (Hirche and Kosobokova, 2007;Daase et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Transport of Zooplankton Into the Arctic Basin Through the Atlantic Gateway, Fram Strait

et al. 2018

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The largest contribution of oceanic heat to the Arctic Ocean is the warm Atlantic Water (AW) inflow through the deep Fram Strait. The AW current also carries Atlantic plankton into the Arctic Basin and this inflow of zooplankton biomass through the Atlantic-Arctic gateway far exceeds the inflow through the shallow Pacific-Arctic gateway. However, because this transport has not yet been adequately quantified based on observational data, the present contribution is poorly defined, and future changes in Arctic zooplankton communities are difficult to project and observe. Our objective was to quantify the inflow of zooplankton biomass through the Fram Strait during different seasons, including winter. We collected data with high spatial resolution covering hydrography (CTD), currents (ADCP and LADCP) and zooplankton distributions (LOPC and MultiNet) from surface to 1,000 m depth along two transects crossing the AW inflow during three cruises in January, May and August 2014. Long-term variations (1997 in the AW inflow were analyzed based on moored current meters. Water transport across the inflow region was of the same order of magnitude during all months (January 2.2 Sv, May 1.9 Sv, August 1.7 Sv). We found a higher variability in zooplankton transport between the months (January 51 kg C s −1 , May 34 kg C s −1 , August 50 kg C s −1 ), related to seasonal changes in the vertical distribution of zooplankton. However, high abundances of carbon-rich copepods were observed in the AW inflow during all months. Surface patches with high abundances of C. finmarchicus, Microcalanus spp., Pseudocalanus spp., and Oithona similis clearly contributed to the advected biomass, also in winter. The data reveal that the phenology of species is important for the amount of advected biomass, and that the advective input of zooplankton carbon into the Arctic Basin is important during all seasons. The advective zooplankton input might be especially important for mesopelagic planktivorous predators that were recently observed in the region, particularly during winter. The inflow of C. finmarchicus with AW was estimated to be in the order of 500,000 metric tons C y −1 , which compares well to modeled estimates.

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“…This interdisciplinary research brought a break-through in understanding of relationships between the structure of the pelagic communities with hydrophysical processes and environmental factors. New data on biomass (Hirche and Mumm, 1992;Mumm, 1993;Mumm et al, 1998;5 Kosobokova and Hirche, 2000;Auel and Hagen, 2002) showed a strong regional variability of the biomass distribution over the Eurasian basins related to the circulation pattern of Atlantic water (Hirche and Mumm, 1992;Mumm, 1993;Mumm et al, 1998;Kosobokova and Hirche, 2000). A much higher biomass as known before was obviously advected with the Atlantic inflow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass of zooplankton in the eastern Arctic Ocean – A base line study

Kosobokova

Hirche

2009

Progress in Oceanography

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There are only few historical assessments of the zooplankton biomass in the Arctic Ocean, which are difficult to compare due to methodological differences or incomplete sampling of the water column. We present assessments of the zooplankton biomass for 70 locations scattered over the Eurasian and Makarov Basins of the Arctic Ocean and analyze regional variability and factors affecting the biomass distribution. The study is based on material collected during several summer expeditions of RV Polarstern (1993-1998 and processed according to standard methods, i.e. stratified sampling of the entire water column from the bottom to the surface with very similar gear and standardized calculation of biomass. Total zooplankton biomass varied strongly from 1.9 to 23.9 g/m2 dry mass. Regional variability was related to the circulation pattern. A belt of elevated biomass along the Eurasian continental margin was related to the advection of Atlantic pelagic populations within the Arctic Ocean Boundary Current along the Siberian shelves and returning branches along mid-ocean ridges. Biomass was highest in the core of the Atlantic inflow and gradually decreased towards the shelves and basins, but also along the inflow from west to east.Lowest biomass was found in the centers of the basins north of 86°N. In the slope region, three Calanus species (C. hyperboreus, C. glacialis, C. finmarchicus) and Metridia longa contributed most to the biomass, chaetognaths were also important. In the basins, C. hyperboreus was dominant, copepods made up to 97% of total biomass. Vertical distribution was similar at all stations with biomass maxima in the upper 50 m layer except for stations near Fram Strait and northern Kara Sea, the gateways of Atlantic water to the Arctic Ocean, where maxima where between 25 and 100m. As there was only very little interannual variability of temperature and current velocity in the regions of the Atlantic inflow we speculate that the majority of our samples, which was collected in 1993 and 1995, represent the phase of the 1990s warm event in the Nordic Seas.

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Composition and distribution of mesozooplankton in the Nansen Basin, Arctic Ocean, during summer

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Lipids in marine copepods: latitudinal characteristics and perspective to global warming

Lipids in marine copepods: latitudinal characteristics and perspective to global warming

Seasonal Variation in Transport of Zooplankton Into the Arctic Basin Through the Atlantic Gateway, Fram Strait

Biomass of zooplankton in the eastern Arctic Ocean – A base line study

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