Composition and Activities of Microbial Communities Involved in Carbon,sulfur, Nitrogen and Manganese Cycling in the Oxic/Anoxic Interface of the Black Sea

Pimenov, Nikolay; Neretin, Lev N.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4297-3_19

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The importance of bacterial chemoautotrophic production, measured as dark CO 2 fixation, has been discussed for different marine redoxclines in relation to phototrophic primary production (34,39). Combining dark CO 2 fixation measurements with the number of 14 CO 2 -positive cells assessed by MICRO-CARD-FISH allows cell-specific dark CO 2 fixation rates to be estimated for chemoautotrophic cells, assuming CO 2 as the sole carbon source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive pelagic redoxclines are reported for the Black Sea (18,34,36), the Cariaco Basin (40,42), the Framvaren Fjord (27), the Mariager Fjord (45), the Baltic Sea (19), and freshwater lakes (6,9,14) and are often characterized by high dark CO 2 fixation rates. Characteristically, the peak of dark CO 2 fixation within the water column is often located below the chemocline, which we define as the shallowest appearance of sulfide (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Grote

Jost

Labrenz

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

130

155

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Recent studies have indicated that chemoautotrophic Epsilonproteobacteria might play an important role, especially as anaerobic or microaerophilic dark CO 2 -fixing organisms, in marine pelagic redoxclines. However, knowledge of their distribution and abundance as actively CO 2 -fixing microorganisms in pelagic redoxclines is still deficient. We determined the contribution of Epsilonproteobacteria to dark CO 2 fixation in the sulfidic areas of central Baltic Sea and Black Sea redoxclines by combining catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization with microautoradiography using [ 14 C]bicarbonate and compared it to the total prokaryotic chemoautotrophic activity. In absolute numbers, up to 3 ؋ 10 5 14 CO 2 -fixing prokaryotic cells ml ؊1 were enumerated in the redoxcline of the central Baltic Sea and up to 9 ؋ 10 4 14 CO 2 -fixing cells ml ؊1 were enumerated in the Black Sea redoxcline, corresponding to 29% and 12%, respectively, of total cell abundance. 14 CO 2 -incorporating cells belonged exclusively to the domain Bacteria. Among these, members of the Epsilonproteobacteria were approximately 70% of the cells in the central Baltic Sea and up to 100% in the Black Sea. For the Baltic Sea, the Sulfurimonas subgroup GD17, previously assumed to be involved in autotrophic denitrification, was the most dominant CO 2 -fixing group. In conclusion, Epsilonproteobacteria were found to be mainly responsible for chemoautotrophic activity in the dark CO 2 fixation maxima of the Black Sea and central Baltic Sea redoxclines. These Epsilonproteobacteria might be relevant in similar habitats of the world's oceans, where high dark CO 2 fixation rates have been measured.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Grote

Jost

Labrenz

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

130

155

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“…3c). In deeper redox systems, away from the reach and influence of light (e.g., the Black Sea, Cariaco Basin, and Baltic Sea), dark CA rates of up to 2.1, 30, and 18 mg C m −3 d −1 have been reported (Taylor et al, 2001;Pimenov and Neretin, 2006;Jost et al, 2008). In the Black Sea, integrated chemolithoautotroph rates in the range of 300 to 800 mg C m −2 d −1 were measured and accounted for 50 to 80% of the primary production, whereas in the Cariaco Basin, dark CA represented on average 70% of the primary production.…”

Section: What Is the Relative Importance Of Chemo-vs Photoautotrophimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some advances were performed in the Black Sea and Cariaco Basin, where most of the microbes were bacteria associated with the S-cycle and concentrated at the redoxcline (Pimenov and Neretin, 2006;Li et al, 2008). Off the Namibian coast (∼23 • S), chemolithotrophic bacteria affiliated with γ -proteobacteria and accounting for approximately 20% of the bacterioplankton in sulphidic waters can create a buffer zone between the toxic sulphidic subsurface waters and the oxic surface waters (Lavik et al, 2009).…”

Section: Are Nitrifying and Methanotrophic Activities Responsible Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemolithoautotrophic production mediating the cycling of the greenhouse gases N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> in an upwelling ecosystem

Farı́as¹,

Fernández

Faúndez³

et al. 2009

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The high availability of electron donors occurring in coastal upwelling ecosystems with marked oxyclines favours chemoautotrophy, in turn leading to high N 2 O and CH 4 cycling associated with aerobic NH + 4 (AAO) and CH 4 oxidation (AMO). This is the case of the highly productive coastal upwelling area off central Chile (36 • S), where we evaluated the importance of total chemolithoautotrophic vs. photoautotrophic production, the specific contributions of AAO and AMO to chemosynthesis and their role in gas cycling. Chemolithoautotrophy was studied at a time-series station during monthly (2007)(2008)(2009)) and seasonal cruises (January 2008, September 2008, January 2009) and was assessed in terms of the natural C isotopic ratio of particulate organic carbon (δ 13 POC), total and specific (associated with AAO and AMO) dark carbon assimilation (CA), and N 2 O and CH 4 cycling experiments. At the oxycline, δ 13 POC averaged −22.2‰; this was significantly lighter compared to the surface (−19.7‰) and bottom layers (−20.7‰). Total integrated dark CA in the whole water column fluctuated between 19.4 and 2.924 mg C m −2 d −1 , was higher during active upwelling, and contributed 0.7 to 49.7% of the total integrated autotrophic CA (photo plus chemoautotrophy), which ranged from 135 to 7.626 mg C m −2 d −1 , and averaged 20.3% for the whole sampling period. Dark CA was reduced by 27 to 48% after adding a specific AAO inhibitor (ATU) and by 24 to 76% with GC7, a specific archaea inhibitor. This indicates that AAO and AMO microbes (most of them archaea) were performing dark CA through the oxidation of NH

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“…In aquatic ecosystems, these interfaces may appear as pelagic boundaries by separating an upper oxic and a lower anoxic water body, yielding permanently or temporally stratified conditions. These boundaries, or redoxclines, may occur in the water column of marine (Jørgensen et al 1991;Taylor et al 2001;Pimenov and Neretin 2006) and of freshwater bodies (Boehrer and Schultze 2008;Casamayor et al 2008). Within such redoxclines, opposing gradients of oxygen and more reduced components, i.e., Fe(II), S 22 , and CH 4 , may establish.…”

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Pelagic boundary conditions affect the biological formation of iron‐rich particles (iron snow) and their microbial communities

Reiche

Ciobotă

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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We studied the formation of iron-rich particles at steeply opposing gradients of oxygen and Fe(II) within the redoxcline of an acidic lignite mine lake (pH 2.9). Particles formed had a diameter of up to 380 mm, showed high sedimentation velocity (, 2 m h 21 ), and were dominated by the iron mineral schwertmannite. Although the particles were highly colonized by microbial cells (, 10 10 cells [g dry weight] 21 ), the organic carbon content was below 11%. Bathymetry and the inflow of less acidic, Fe(II)-rich groundwater into the northern basin of the lake results in two distinct mixing regimes in the same lake. The anoxic monimolimnion of the northern basin had higher pH, Fe(II), dissolved organic carbon, and CO 2 values compared with the more central basin. Particles formed in the northern basin differed in color, were smaller, had higher organic carbon contents, but were still dominated by schwertmannite. Microcosm incubations revealed the dominance of microbial Fe(II) oxidation.

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Composition and Activities of Microbial Communities Involved in Carbon,sulfur, Nitrogen and Manganese Cycling in the Oxic/Anoxic Interface of the Black Sea

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Chemolithoautotrophic production mediating the cycling of the greenhouse gases N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> in an upwelling ecosystem

Pelagic boundary conditions affect the biological formation of iron‐rich particles (iron snow) and their microbial communities

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Composition and Activities of Microbial Communities Involved in Carbon,sulfur, Nitrogen and Manganese Cycling in the Oxic/Anoxic Interface of the Black Sea

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Epsilonproteobacteria Represent the Major Portion of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria in Sulfidic Waters of Pelagic Redoxclines of the Baltic and Black Seas

Chemolithoautotrophic production mediating the cycling of the greenhouse gases N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in an upwelling ecosystem

Pelagic boundary conditions affect the biological formation of iron‐rich particles (iron snow) and their microbial communities

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Chemolithoautotrophic production mediating the cycling of the greenhouse gases N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> in an upwelling ecosystem