“…There are a lot of methods and technologies for additive manufacturing. Basic methods are: three dimensional printing (3DP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SL), powder bed and inkjet 3D printing, selective laser sintering or melting (SLS or SLM), direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM) and ultrasonic consolidation (UC) [10]. The most common methods for additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping are 3DP and FDM.…”
Section: Rapid Prototyping and Additive Manufacturing Technologiesmentioning
“…There are a lot of methods and technologies for additive manufacturing. Basic methods are: three dimensional printing (3DP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SL), powder bed and inkjet 3D printing, selective laser sintering or melting (SLS or SLM), direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM) and ultrasonic consolidation (UC) [10]. The most common methods for additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping are 3DP and FDM.…”
Section: Rapid Prototyping and Additive Manufacturing Technologiesmentioning
“…AM technology has a lot of advantages and opportunities to develop and create a new smart path in different industry applications. Some of these opportunities have been investigated by different researchers as follows [71][72][73]:…”
Section: Opportunities Challenges and Future Lookmentioning
-As a first step of applying additive manufacturing (AM) technology, plastic prototypes have been produced using various AM Process such as Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA) and other processes. After more research and development, AM has become capable of producing complex net shaped in materials which can be used in applicable parts. These materials include metals, ceramics, and composites. Polymers and metals are considered as commercially available materials for AM processes; however, ceramics and composites are still considered under research and development. In this study, a literature review on design for AM of composite materials and potential alloys is discussed. It is investigated that polymer matrix, ceramic matrix, metal matrix, and fiber reinforced are most common composites through AM. Furthermore, Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) is considered as an effective application of AM because AM offers the ability to control the composition and optimize the properties of the built part. An example of FGM through using AM technology is the missile nose cone which includes an ultra-high temperature ceramic graded to a refractory metal from outside to inside and it used for sustaining extreme external temperatures. During this work, different applications of AM on different classifications of composite materials are shown through studying of industrial objective, the importance of application, processing, results and future challenges.
“…It can thus be acknowledged that the prototyping alternatives currently offered to designers and industrial operators (a) are indeed many in number, and, (b) although launching from different origins, they present definite overlap capabilities and applicability, especially as they all evolve during the years [5,6,13].…”
Section: Role and Basic Categorization Ofmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Weights can be expressed both locally for the node of their covering criterion and globally with respect to the overall goal following the decision tree's structure. (2) 3D CAD models combined with FEA (3) 3D CAD models combined with FEA and CAM (4) Full PLM of the product (5) Desktop stereoscopic VP (6) Desktop stereoscopic VP with haptic feedback (7) CAVE stereoscopic VP (8) CAVE stereoscopic VP with haptic feedback (9) Handcrafted models (10) Conventionally machined models (11) Desktop CNC prototypes (12) Large CNC prototypes (13) Desktop RP prototypes (14) Resin-based RP prototypes (15) Solid sheet-based RP prototypes (16) Powder-based RP prototypes (17) Metal-based RP prototypes (18) Deposition-based RP prototypes (19) RP prototypes in general combined with RT techniques (20) Technical prototypes which, although not applicable at early design, are included for assessment as the best in class for engineering parameters' validation.…”
Section: Model Implementation Evaluation and Assessment Of Alternatmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This change is luckily supported by innovative and constantly improving technological tools made available to designers and engineers (e.g., [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]15]). …”
Today's markets impose wide sets of requirements for new products. The Process of New Product Design, has shifted from sequential Engineering to Concurrent Engineering, for low cost-early market entry. Design Teams must deliver highest quality within minimum time and cost and global crisis worsens things, by further reducing budgets. Prototyping within design processes has become crucial, whereas, available prototyping alternatives have increased. Decisions regarding the use of the most appropriate one, at specific design milestones, affects and much predetermines the success of the product. This paper addresses the problem of "design target"-based embracing of available prototyping alternatives into the tools pool of design teams, in a concise, integrated way. Considering product design teams are expert driven for specific product categories, the introduced approach records the verification intent of designers and binds it to structured Generic Levels of Technical and non-Technical Attribute clusters and associated Design Factors. Furthermore, prototyping experience, manufacturing capabilities and cost of the implementing organization, local industrial status and regulations, are also considered. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process a complete decision tree leads designers to select the most appropriate prototyping method per design stage. The proposed approach assists implementing organizations and design teams towards cost/time benefits, product risk reduction, decision repeatability and independence. A pilot-model has been developed with "Expert Choice" software and an application example is discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.