Composites and Copolymers Containing Redox-Active Molecules and Intrinsically Conducting Polymers as Active Masses for Supercapacitor Electrodes—An Introduction

Abstract

In this introductory report, composites and copolymers combining intrinsically conducting polymers and redox-active organic molecules, suggested as active masses without additional binder and conducting agents for supercapacitor electrodes, possibly using the advantageous properties of both constituents, are presented. A brief overview of the few reported examples of the use of such copolymers, composites, and comparable combinations of organic molecules and carbon supports is given. For comparison a few related reports on similar materials without intrinsically conducting polymers are included.

Conjugated Molecules and Polymers in Secondary Batteries: A Perspective

“…The present overview focuses on secondary batteries, but given the ongoing merger of batteries and supercapacitors noticed before [16] and reviewed elsewhere [17], considerations and arguments also apply frequently to supercapacitors; materials may turn up in both types of devices. For overviews on selected aspects of the application of ICPs in supercapacitors, see [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]; their use in flexible devices has been discussed in [27,28] and in stretchable devices in [29]. Whether this field of research becomes more enlightened by establishing further terms and acronyms, as in [30], remains an open question.…”

o-Toluidine in electrochemistry – an overview

“…Following the advent of supercapacitor research and development, these materials were also examined for this application [174]. Beyond the parent molecules (aniline, pyrrole etc.…”

A cobalt-based metal–organic framework electrodeposited on nickel foam as a binder-free electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

“…10,11 In contrast, pseudocapacitive materials, such as conducting polymers and transition metal oxides/hydroxides, have high electrochemical capacitance due to the contribution from faradaic redox reactions in addition to the double layer capacitance. [12][13][14][15] Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), especially Co-, Ni-and Fe-based frameworks, have attracted intensive attention as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their excellent porosity, high specific surface area and redox-active metal ions. [16][17][18][19][20][21] Du et al synthesized a hierarchical porous Ni-MOF with large specific surface area, which possessed an outstanding specific capacitance of 1057 F g À1 at 1 A g À1 .…”

“…10,11 In contrast, pseudocapacitive materials, such as conducting polymers and transition metal oxides/hydroxides, have high electrochemical capacitance due to the contribution from faradaic redox reactions in addition to the double layer capacitance. 12–15…”