Composite properties and biodegradation of biologically recovered P(3HB- co -3HHx) reinforced with short kenaf fibers

Lee, Joyyi; Thirmizir, Mohd Zharif Ahmad; Salim, Muhamad Saifuddin; Han, Lizhu; Paramasivam, M.; Kasuya, Ken-ichi; Maurer, Frans H.J.; Arifin, Mohd Ishak Zainal; Sudesh, Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.01.004

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…215 Other natural soil biodegradation studies include soil sourced from South African agricultural fields, black soil and leaf mould, oil palm cultivation soil, soil from Russia and Vietnam, and soil from California landfills. Field soil and landfill soil appear to have the highest rate of PHA biodegradation activity, being the only samples approaching 100% PHA degradation 142,144,151,175,181,205,223,224 (Table 1, entries 1 and 4-7). This may be due to the microbial diversity found in moist soil with consistent environments that maximize microbial population growth and diversity.…”

Section: Green Chemistry Critical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variation of these fibre ratios results in different types of fibres (bast, leaf, grass, straw and seeds). Several PHA-based biocomposites have been developed using kenaf, 223 abaca, 259 flax, 260 starch, 141 wheat straw, 174 sisal, 261 hemp, 262 cellulose, 263 lignin, 150 seagrass, 264 wood flour, 165 Fig. 15 Simplified main pathways and optimal conditions for PHB degradation and bioassimilation in natural environments.…”

Section: Pha-based Biocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…221 Abaca fibre contains 66% cellulose, 24% hemicellulose and 12% lignin, giving a balance between the cellulose and hemicellulose, with little lignin, 306 and 10% abaca fibre improves the degradation of PHBV from 30% to 50% in 180 days in regularly watered gardening soil at 25-30°C. 205 Kenaf fibre has a comparable cellulose and lignin content to that of abaca fibre with 13% hemicellulose, 257 and PHBHx/kenaf 70/30 composites improve the degradation from 5.5 to 13% in 42 days 223 ( Table 5, entry 2). Therefore, it is not only the ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin that plays a role in the biodegradation improvement of PHA, but also the composition of the hemicellulose monomers (i.e.…”

Section: Pha-based Composite Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of recent advances in the biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics and their composites

2020

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Section: Green Chemistry Critical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pha-based Biocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pha-based Composite Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of recent advances in the biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics and their composites

2020

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“…The products of this process are practically non-harmful to the environment (water, biomass) while carbon dioxide or methane can be used as fuel in power plants. Owing to excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability of PHAs, they can be used in medical applications, tissue engineering, and drug delivery [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biorenewable Composites Based on Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with Natural Fillers

2019

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Due to the ubiquity and single-use character of plastic products, their production represents a burden to the environment. Therefore, an increasing interest in biodegradable and bio-compostable materials has been observed in the recent years. Bio-based materials are becoming more and more popular, especially in applications where biodegradability provides an advantage for customers and environment. However, biodegradable materials are more expensive compared with durable plastic materials, so to reduce costs and in order to improve their mechanical properties, biocomposites are created by reinforcement with natural fibers: cellulose, hemp, jute, cotton, etc. This paper is focused on the investigation of the selected group of biocomposites based on poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with the addition of 15 wt% of various fillers (nanocellulose, walnut shell flour, eggshell flour, and tuff). Thus far, there is limited information concerning comparison of the different natural fillers introduced into the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) matrix. Here, the following mechanical properties were evaluated: the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, strain at break, flexural modulus, and flexural stress at 3.5% strain. The tensile test was performed at various temperatures (− 24, + 23, and + 60 °C), followed by samples conditioning in water and compost. Thermal behavior of the biocomposites was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The study showed that the value of the elasticity modulus of each composite was higher in comparison with neat poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), at each of the above temperatures. The factor responsible for the enhancement of the mechanical properties of composites (enhancement of the stiffness of the material) was the increase in crystalline phase content in composites. Interestingly, at − 24 °C, all of the analyzed composites exhibited over twofold increase in tensile strength which was accompanied by an almost 30% increase in elastic modulus. This phenomenon likely resulted from an increase in tensile strength and an increase in internal stress at interfaces within the components of the composites during tests. It was also observed that both conditioning in water and degradation in the compost heap led to a considerable decrease in mechanical properties of the examined composites. The scanning electron microscopy analysis, carried out to assess the distribution of particles and the adhesion of fillers to the matrix, revealed that the size and the shape of the particles affected the mechanical properties of the composites.

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“…The hydroxyl groups in natural fibers, which are hydrophilic in nature, could allow easier access of water into the inner region of the hydrophobic PP matrix. This would subsequently weaken the adhesion/interaction between kenaf fiber and PP giving rise to the tensile properties deterioration .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of viscoelastic, thermal, morphological, and biodegradation properties of polypropylene nano‐biocomposites using natural fiber and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

Yaghoobi

Fereidoon

2018

Polymer Composites

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This article investigates the performances of polypropylene/kenaf fiber/polypropylene‐grafted maleic anhydride/multiwall carbon nanotube (PP/kenaf/PP‐g‐MA/MWCNT) nano‐biocomposites in terms of viscoelastic, thermal, and biodegradability properties. Nano‐biocomposites with kenaf weight content of 30 wt%, fiber length of 6 mm and different contents of MWCNTs (0.5–2 wt%) were produced for testing and characterization. The samples were made by melt compounding in Brabender internal mixer and then hot and cold pressing. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis results showed that the incorporation of MWCNT enhanced the storage and loss moduli of the PP/kenaf/PP‐g‐MA biocomposites. Differential scanning calorimetry results depicted an increase in the melting and crystallization temperatures of PP/kenaf/PP‐g‐MA biocomposites with the increase of MWCNT contents. The biodegradation of biocomposites was investigated in the activated sludge on a laboratory scale for 10 months in order to study the rates of biodegradation of the samples. The biodegradability test conducted on each specimen illustrated that the produced biocomposites are subjected to partial biodegradation, judging by the change in mechanical properties and weight of them after the test. Morphological study which characterized using scanning electron microscopy technique verified that a good and homogeneous distribution of MWCNT through the biocomposites; however; some aggregates were revealed at higher MWCNTs content. POLYM. COMPOS., POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E592–E600, 2018. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Composite properties and biodegradation of biologically recovered P(3HB- co -3HHx) reinforced with short kenaf fibers

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Review of recent advances in the biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics and their composites

Review of recent advances in the biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastics and their composites

Novel Biorenewable Composites Based on Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with Natural Fillers

Evaluation of viscoelastic, thermal, morphological, and biodegradation properties of polypropylene nano‐biocomposites using natural fiber and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

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