Composite Materials

Zweben, Carl

doi:10.1002/9781118985960.meh110

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…and anisotropic in nature. Because their properties depend on the material phase as well as on the direction [40]. Due to the heterogeneous nature, it inherits toughness.…”

Section: Importance Of Nanoparticles For Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostage Alloying of Metals in Liquid Phase

Roy¹,

Pal²

2021

ACES

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Alloying of metals is known from antiquity. Alloy making i.e., homogenizing metals started in a "hit-or-miss" way. The 1 st alloy from copper (Cu) and tin (Sn) was produced around 2500 BC and from then Bronze Age began. Subsequently iron (Fe) age started after the Bronze Age. Aluminium (Al) alloying was discovered much later because pure Al could not be recovered easily even though Al is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust. Refining of Al is a very difficult job because of its strong affinity towards oxygen. To ease alloying, melting points (mp) of the individual constituents and reactivity of metal towards oxygen were the hurdles. Now understanding the thermodynamics of metal mixing has paved alloying. Periodic properties of elements concerning size, electronegativity, crystal structure, valency, lattice spacing, etc. are considered for alloying. In this feature article, more emphasis is given to Hume-Rothery rules in which the necessary parameters for alloying have been illustrated. Importantly standard electrode potential (E 0 ) values, eutectic, phase diagram, size-related strain in metals, etc. have been looked into in the present discussion. One elegant example is Sn-Pb alloy, known as soft solder. Soft solder was in use for many years to connect metals and in electric circuitry. Low melting, flowability, and conductivity of soft solder had placed Sn-Pb alloy a unique position in industries, laboratories and even in cottage industries. However, toxic Pb volatilizes during soldering and hence soft solder is banned almost in all countries. We felt the need for a viable alternative to obtain soldering material and then silver (Ag) based highly conducting, an eco-friendly alloy of Sn resulted in from a high boiling liquid. The discovery engenders not only a new conducting soldering alloy but also a new concept of melting metals together. Furthermore, new ideas of alloying have been generalized at their nanostages from a suitable high boiling solvent.

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“…and anisotropic in nature. Because their properties depend on the material phase as well as on the direction [40]. Due to the heterogeneous nature, it inherits toughness.…”

Section: Importance Of Nanoparticles For Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostage Alloying of Metals in Liquid Phase

Roy¹,

Pal²

2021

ACES

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“…A combinação de materiais para obtenção de estruturas com características específicas tem recebido atenção de engenheiros e cientistas ao longo dos anos [1]. Materiais compósitos, como assim são chamados, tornaram-se os principais componentes na fabricação de aeronaves e veículos espaciais, uma vez que são resistentes e leves [2].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Ao longo dos anos, diversas técnicas foram criadas e aperfeiçoadas para permitir o diagnóstico eficaz de defeitos em estruturas mecânicas para várias aplicações, envolvendo, por exemplo, a verificação de descontinuidades 1 em soldas 1 Convém salientar que neste trabalho, os termos "descontinuidade" e "defeito" são utilizados indistintamente, uma vez que o que os diferencia é a aplicação normativa. Caso os limites toleráveis para determinada aplicação seja ultrapassada, descontinuidade tornar-se-á um defeito.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aplicação da Transformada de Hilbert-Huang em um Sistema Inteligente de Classificação de Sinais de Ensaios Não Destrutivos por Ultrassom

Santos¹,

Farias²,

Filho³

et al. 2020

Anais Do 14. Congresso Brasileiro De Inteligência Computacional

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Resumo-A utilização de técnicas de processamento de sinais como auxílio no diagnóstico de falhas em processos de manufatura tem sido bastante promissora, pois permite o aumento da eficiência dos processos, assegura qualidade aos produtos e a segurança das instalações. Este trabalho propõe a utilização da transformada de Hilbert-Huang (HHT) como ferramenta de extração de características dos sinais de ultrassom obtidos em ensaio experimental. A HHT é uma decomposição tempofrequência que utiliza funções base de transformação estimadas a partir dos sinais de interesse. Um classificador baseado em rede neural artificial tipo perceptron de múltiplas camadas apresentou 97,4% de acurácia, quando usando como entradas atributos oriundos da HHT. Esse resultado se mostrou superior aos obtidos em trabalhos anteriores com outras técnicas de préprocessamento, cujo maior valor obtido foi utilizando a DFT (94,8%).

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“…Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are in high demand for manufacturing structural components of automotive, aerospace, marine and wind energy sector. Despite high investment and manufacturing cost as compared to metallic alloys, the rapid growing interest in the use of FRPs has arisen due to promising properties, such as high strength to weight ratio, high speci c stiffness, and excellent resistance to fatigue, creep, rapture and corrosion [1][2] [3]. Additionally, the shift towards FRPs as lighter structural material is unavoidable to meet environmental targets of 75% and 90% reduction in the levels of CO 2 and NO x by 2050 for which the contribution of airframes is evaluated from 20 to 25% [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of Tufts Contribution on the In-Plane Mechanical Properties of Flax Fibre Reinforced Green Biocomposite

Rashid

Hanus

Chetehouna

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Traditional laminated composites have fibres oriented only in the in-plane of the laminate due to their manufacturing process, and are therefore very susceptible to transverse cracking and delamination from out-of-plane actions. Delamination can considerably reduce the load bearing capacity of a structure hence several reinforcement solutions, based on the principle to add out-of-plane reinforcement to the 2D fabric, have been explored to enhance the delamination resistance. However, the usual textile technologies for Z-reinforcement such as weaving, knitting, stitching, z-pinning, and tufting generates perturbations that may alter the in-plane mechanical properties. Although tufting is a single needle and single thread based one side stitching (OSS) technique which can incorporate almost tension free through the thickness reinforcement in a material, various types of microstructural defects may be created during the manufacturing process and lead to a degradation of the in-plane properties of the composite. Moreover, due to awareness in environmental concerns, the development and use of eco-friendly biocomposites to replace synthetic ones has been increasing. This research work investigates the effect on in plane mechanical properties of adding through the thickness reinforcement (TTR) by tufting in a flax based composite laminate to improve the transversal strength. The glass fibre tufted laminates of 550 g/m2 flax fibre were moulded using a 38% biobased thermoset resin by vacuum bag resin transfer moulding (VBRTM). The tufted and un-tufted in-plane mechanical properties of green biocomposite were determined in tension, compression and shear in accordance with ASTM 3039, ASTM D7137 and EN ISO 14130, using universal INSTRON 1186 and MTS 20M testing machines. The quantification of the in-plane mechanical properties results established a reduction of the in plane tensile mechanical properties, due to tufting, whereas the reduction effects are marginal in compression. As expected, the glass tufts strength the connection between core and skin of the composite so that the interlaminar shear strength, deduced from flexural tests with small span-to-thickness ratio, is increased, Thanks to Digital Image Correlation (DIC) performed during shear tests an increase in interlaminar shear modulus is highlighted.

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Composite Materials

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Nanostage Alloying of Metals in Liquid Phase

Nanostage Alloying of Metals in Liquid Phase

Aplicação da Transformada de Hilbert-Huang em um Sistema Inteligente de Classificação de Sinais de Ensaios Não Destrutivos por Ultrassom

Investigation of the Effect of Tufts Contribution on the In-Plane Mechanical Properties of Flax Fibre Reinforced Green Biocomposite

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