Composite Life Under Sustained Compression And One Sided Simulated Fire Exposure: Characterization And Prediction

Bausano, John V.; Boyd, Steven E.; Lesko, John J.; Case, Scott W.

doi:10.1515/secm.2005.12.1-2.131

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Immediately after exposure to the heat source, thermal expansion of the specimen causes an increase in specimen length (axial strain becomes more positive). A similar phenomenon has been observed in tests performed by Bausano et al [18]. The decrease in compressive displacement continued until the temperature induced char formation and stiffness loss overcame the effect of thermal expansion.…”

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confidence: 84%

Compressive Response of Composites Under Combined Fire and Compression Loading

et al. 2009

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The thermal buckling of an axially restrained composite column that is exposed to a heat flux due to fire is studied by both analytical and experimental means. The column is exposed to fire from one-side and the resulting heat damage, the charred layer formation and non-uniform transient temperature distribution are calculated by the thermal model developed by Gibson et al. (Revue de l'Institute Francais du Petrole 50:69-74, 1995). For the thermal buckling analysis, the mechanical properties of the firedamaged (charred) region are considered negligible; the degradation of the elastic properties with temperature (especially near the glass transition temperature of the matrix) in the undamaged layer, is accounted for by using experimental data for the elastic moduli. Due to the non-uniform stiffness and the effect of the ensuing thermal moment, the structure behaves like an imperfect column, and responds by bending rather than buckling in the classical Euler (bifurcation) sense. Another important effect of the non-uniform temperature is that the neutral axis moves away from the centroid of the cross section, resulting in another moment due to eccentric loading, which would tend to bend the structure away from the fire. In order to verify the mechanical response, the compressive buckling behavior of the same material subjected to simultaneous high intensity surface heating and axial compressive loading were investigated experimentally. Fire exposure was simulated by subjecting the surface of rectangular specimens to radiant heating in a cone calorimeter. Heat flux levels of 25 kW/m 2 , 50 kW/m 2 and 75 kW/m 2 were studied. All specimens exhibited buckling and subsequent catastrophic failure, even at compressive stresses as low as 3.5 MPa under a surface heat flux of 25 kW/m 2 . Details of the experimental procedure, including modifications made to a cone calorimeter to allow simultaneous mechanical loading are presented.

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confidence: 84%

Compressive Response of Composites Under Combined Fire and Compression Loading

et al. 2009

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“…As far as 'empirical' relationships are concerned it appears that many types of polynominal functions can give an approximate fit to the data. Several functions have been proposed to relate property to temperature for polymer laminates, but they fail to accurately describe the full profile of the relationship [18,19]. One notable exception is a model by Mahieux and Reifsnider [20,21] that predicts the profile with good accuracy, although problems with numerical stability can be experienced.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanical Property Degradation of Naval Composite Materials

et al. 2009

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The effect of heat and fire on the mechanical properties and failure of polymer composite materials used in naval ship structures is investigated. Coupled thermal-mechanical models are presented for predicting the loss in strength and failure of load-bearing polymer laminates when heated from one-side. The thermal component of the models predicts the temperature and decomposition rate of a laminate. Using this information, several mechanical models based on progressive softening analysis or laminate analysis can be used to predict the reduction in strength and time-to-failure. A coupled thermal-mechanical model that is solved using finite element analysis is also presented. Experimental fire-under-load tests are performed on several types of polymer laminate materials to evaluate the accuracy of the models. The tests were performed at different heat flux levels between 10 kW/m 2 and 75 kW/ m 2 , which is equivalent to surface temperatures between about 250°C and 700°C. The temperature, mass loss and char formation of a laminate can be accurately predicted for a wide range of thermal conditions using the models. The models can also predict the time-to-failure of laminates under static tension or compression loading. The models presented in this chapter are considered useful analytical tools for naval architects to estimate the loss in mechanical performance and time-to-failure of composite ship materials in fire.

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“…In addition, the induced stresses may result in damages through microscopic and macroscopic failure mechanisms. On the other hand, the mechanical behavior of polymer matrix composites is strongly temperature dependent [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The mechanical properties, e.g., Young's moduli, degrade as the temperature rises.…”

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confidence: 99%