Composite Encapsulation Enabled Superior Comprehensive Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Solar cells based on organometal hybrid perovskites have exhibited promising commercialization potential owing to their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. However, the poor outdoor operational stability of perovskite solar cells restricted their practical application, and moisture permeation and organic compounds volatilization are realized as the main factors accelerating performance degradation. Herein, we developed a composite encapsulation, by sequentially depositing a compact Al 2 O 3 layer and a hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane layer on the completed device, to efficiently circumvent vapor permeability. Thus, the stability of the encapsulated perovskite solar cells was systematically investigated under simulated operational conditions. It was found that the MAPbI 3 perovskite was prone to decay into solid PbI 2 and organic vapor at high temperature or upon light illumination, and the decomposition was reversible in a well-encapsulated environment, resulting in reversible performance degradation and recovery. The enhanced thermal stability was ascribed to the competition between the perovskite decomposition and reverse synthesis. The as-prepared high-quality, multilayered encapsulation scheme demonstrated superior sealing property, and no obvious performance decline was observed when the device was stored under ambient air, continuous light illumination, double 85 condition (85 °C, 85% humidity), or even water immersion. Therefore, this work paves the way for a scalable and robust encapsulation strategy feasible to hybrid perovskite optoelectronics in a reproducible manner.

Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells: Degradation Mechanisms and Remedies

“…It promises a cost-effective alternative to the noble metal-based electrodes. As discussed before, several encapsulation strategies are proven to be effective (Lv et al, 2020). Reports on IEC 61215 and IEC 61646 test results on PSCs are listed in Tables 6, 7.…”

Stability Issues of Perovskite Solar Cells: A Critical Review

“…While the extrinsic stability issues can be delayed or inhibited with proper encapsulation, addressing intrinsic instability requires modification of the device materials and interfaces. [ 41,42 ] Even though the efficiency of PSCs is good enough for commercialization, it is not expected to make a breakthrough in the market anytime soon because of its low stability. Therefore, it is expected that extensive research in PSCs will continue in the coming years to make this device viable for commercial applications.…”

The effect of storage cycle on improvement in the photovoltaic parameters of planar triple cation perovskite solar cells

“…The insight of the competitive mechanisms of humidity and oxygen is fundamental to improve perovskite solar cells performance, helping the future development of the PSCs technology. [47][48][49] In this work we focus on fabrication and storage procedure of thin (~320 nm) un-encapsulated triple cation perovskite solar cells in planar architecture and consequently on influence of related PV parameters. We show, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a remarkable enhancement, over time, of all PV parameters (open circuit voltage (V oc ) of 1121 mV, short circuit current density (J sc ) of 24.07 mA/cm 2 and a fill factor (FF) of 81.6 % for champion devices) and in particular, an impressive rise of PCE (from 13.2 % to 20.8 % after 72 h storage in humid air and a slight increase to 20.9 % after subsequent low vacuum storage and 720 h from fabrication day) of PSCs completely fabricated in N 2 -filled glove box (GB), after storage in dark, humid air and low vacuum exposure, with relative humidity (RH) of (30 ± 10) %.…”