Composite cure simulation scheme fully integrating internal strain measurement

Minakuchi, Shu; Niwa, Shoma; Takagaki, Kazunori; Takeda, Nobuo

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.01.001

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The values of the shrinkage strain and the resin modulus at each step were estimated in the previous study of our research group [4] using two optical fibers. This technique is described in detail in [6]. The material properties of the fiber/resin layer were derived from the estimated resin modulus and carbon fiber properties using the self-consistent field micromechanics model [5].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Strain Monitoring in Deltoid of Composite T-joints using Optical Fiber

Hisada

Minakuchi

Takeda

2021

Materials Research Proceedings

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Abstract. Composite T-joints have a critical problem that cracks occur in the deltoid during curing because of the cure stress and thermal stress. There are few studies on the behavior of T-joints during curing, and what is actually occurring in the deltoid is not well understood. In the present study, optical fiber was embedded in the deltoid using a new technique to clarify the internal state of the deltoid during curing. The embedded optical fiber successfully measured the process-induced strain distribution in the deltoid. Based on the experimental results and finite element analysis, a failure index for a process-induced failure of deltoid was discussed. An energy-based failure index could precisely predict the process-induced failure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Strain Monitoring in Deltoid of Composite T-joints using Optical Fiber

Hisada

Minakuchi

Takeda

2021

Materials Research Proceedings

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“…The matrix resin modulus E m and the composite shrinkage strain e host can be inversely determined from in situ strain measurement using two FBG sensors with different tail lengths (FBG-A and FBG-B in Figure 3). 12 The current study utilizes this approach to determine these material properties necessary for stress/strain simulation during FC conditions, which was difficult to be characterized using conventional thermal analyses.…”

Section: Influence Of Shear Lag On Fbg Strain Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This current study conducts high-fidelity process simulation of thick unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber/ polyphenylenesulfide (CF/PPS) laminates by using a material property determination method based on fiber optic-based in situ strain measurement, which was proposed by our research group. 12 The focus is on the behavior in the composite transverse direction dominated by the resin properties because the transverse property determines residual stress and shape distortion. 13 First, two key parameters for stress/strain simulation, Young's modulus of the PPS resin and transverse shrinkage strain of the composite, are determined based on process-induced strain monitoring of thin composite laminates under uniform cooling temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of process-induced residual stress/strain distribution in thick thermoplastic composites based on in situ strain monitoring using optical fiber sensors

Tsukada

Minakuchi

Takeda

2019

Journal of Composite Materials

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In thick thermoplastic composite laminates, nonuniform temperature distribution arises in the through-thickness direction during high-rate manufacturing processes. This causes the so-called thermal skin-core effect. The surface region solidified in advance constrains shrinking of the inside region, so nonuniform residual stress/strain distribution arises in the through-thickness direction. This study quantitatively clarified this mechanism and identified the amount of residual stress/strain by utilizing fiber optic–based internal strain measurement and process simulation. First, in-plane transverse strain of thin carbon fiber/polyphenylenesulfide laminates was measured using fiber Bragg grating sensors to determine two key parameters for stress/strain simulation; thermal/crystalline shrinkage strain and composite stiffness. Abaqus-based simulation using these properties was then performed to calculate stress/strain distribution in thick laminates. The simulated strain agreed well with the measured value and it was confirmed that the residual stress developed in a relatively low temperature range. In addition, transverse three-point bending tests were conducted to validate the amount of residual stress calculated by the simulation. The bending strength increased by the thermal skin-core effect and the amount of strength increase coincided with the simulation, confirming the validity of the simulation. Extension of the proposed approach to the evaluation of the morphological skin-core effect is also discussed.

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“…One last example of the various methods existing in the literature is the use of Fibre Bragg Grating sensors. [8][9][10] Those sensors, placed directly inside the composite part, allow to monitor strains during the industrial curing process. However, this method is limited to post-gel measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and modelling of cure-dependent properties and strains during composites manufacturing

Moretti

Castanié

Bernhart

et al. 2020

Journal of Composite Materials

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The geometric stability of structural parts is a critical issue in the aeronautical industry. However, autoclave curing of primary structural composite parts may cause significant distortions and divergences between the mould nominal geometries and the final shapes of the parts. To be able to anticipate such distortions, a robust simulation tool is needed, which can be implemented only if the phenomena involved are properly understood and characterized. The thermo-kinetic behaviour of the M21EV/IMA prepreg is fully characterized in this paper. Thermal strains and chemical shrinkages are measured using Thermo-Mechanical Analysis during the cure and the experimental method developed allows the thermo-chemical strains to be obtained even during the early stages of the cure. An experimental setup is developed to measure the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the material during its cure. Thanks to these measurements, a new constitutive mechanical model, inspired from the CHILE model, is defined. These data are then used as inputs for an FEA simulation of the entire curing process. Finally, the model is validated using the cure degree, glass transition and temperature monitoring, and post-cure distortion measurements.

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Composite cure simulation scheme fully integrating internal strain measurement

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

In-Situ Strain Monitoring in Deltoid of Composite T-joints using Optical Fiber

In-Situ Strain Monitoring in Deltoid of Composite T-joints using Optical Fiber

Identification of process-induced residual stress/strain distribution in thick thermoplastic composites based on in situ strain monitoring using optical fiber sensors

Characterization and modelling of cure-dependent properties and strains during composites manufacturing

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