Composite cell sheet for periodontal regeneration: crosstalk between different types of MSCs in cell sheet facilitates complex periodontal-like tissue regeneration

Abstract

BackgroundTissue-engineering strategies based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cell sheets have been widely used for periodontal tissue regeneration. However, given the complexity in periodontal structure, the regeneration methods using a single species of MSC could not fulfill the requirement for periodontal regeneration.MethodsWe researched the interaction between the periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and jaw bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSCs), and constructed a composite cell sheet comprising both of the above MSCs to regenerate complex periodontium-like structures in nude mice.ResultsOur results show that by co-culturing PDLSCs and JBMMSCs, the expressions of bone and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes and proteins were significantly improved in both MSCs. Further investigations showed that, compared to the cell sheet using PDLSCs or JBMMSCs, the composite stem cell sheet (CSCS), which comprises these two MSCs, expressed higher levels of bone- and ECM-related genes and proteins, and generated a composite structure more similar to the native periodontal tissue physiologically in vivo.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results demonstrate that the crosstalk between PDLSCs and JBMMSCs in cell sheets facilitate regeneration of complex periodontium-like structures, providing a promising new strategy for physiological and functional regeneration of periodontal tissue.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0417-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Spatially Assembled Bilayer Cell Sheets of Stem Cells and Endothelial Cells Using Thermosensitive Hydrogels for Therapeutic Angiogenesis

“…In this study, our primary goal was to investigate the effect of bilayer delivered from our thermosensitive hydrogels on angiogenic effect, and thus, we used nude mice. Although numerous studies using stem cell have been known to use immunocompetent mice, considerable number of researches still use nude mice for evaluation of therapeutic and functional efficiency . It should also be noted that HUVECs used in our study may be valid as a physiological model, but may not be used in the clinical setting and endothelial progenitors derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMNCs) or umbilical cord blood‐mononuclear cells (UCB‐MNCs) may represent a potential therapeutic source.…”

Concise Review: Periodontal Tissue Regeneration Using Stem Cells: Strategies and Translational Considerations

“…A) . Similarly, cell sheets comprising PDLSCs and/or jaw BMMSCs have been multilayered to regenerate a complex periodontium‐like architecture . Recently, a “sandwich” tissue engineering complex was constructed by adding a layer of mineralized membrane on each side of the collagen membrane.…”

“…( A): Three‐layered cell sheets together with woven PGA and porous β‐TCP were used to repair three‐wall infrabony defects in dogs (please refer to the original source for more information). ( B): Schematic representation of a generated sandwich complex including (i) an engineered membrane (Bio‐Gide collagen membrane seeded with cells on both sides and cultured without the addition of mineralization‐induction medium) and (ii) two mineralized membranes (a cellular small intestinal submucosa in which cells are seeded on one side and cultured in mineralization‐induction medium for 8 days); (iii and iv) a sandwich structure was obtained by placing a cell‐seeded periodontal membrane between the two cell‐seeded/mineralized membranes (please refer to the original source for more details). Abbreviations: PGA, polyglycolic acid; β‐TCP, β‐tricalcium phosphate.…”

Improved osseointegrating functionality of cell sheets on anatase TiO2 nanoparticle surfaces

“…Osseointegration is enhanced by a series of surface modications, such as grit-blasting/thermo-chemical treatment, 1 grit-blasting/acid etching, 2 electrodeposits, 3 deposition by lasers, 4 and microarc oxidation. 5 Many studies have investigated the feasibility of applying cell sheets to bone regeneration, 6 cardiac regeneration, 7 cartilage regeneration, 8 tendon healing, 9 corneal regeneration, 10 esophageal regeneration, 11 periodontal regeneration, 12 and full thickness skin wound repair. 13 Recently, some studies 14,15 have reported bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets (BMSC sheets) as a powerful tool for bioengineering applications in accelerating osseointegration.…”