Composite batteries: a simple yet universal approach to 3D printable lithium-ion battery electrodes

Kohlmeyer, Ryan R.; Blake, Aaron J.; Hardin, James O.; Carmona, Eric A; Carpena‐Núñez, Jennifer; Maruyama, Benji; Berrigan, John D.; Huang, Hong; Durstock, Michael F.

doi:10.1039/c6ta07610f

Cited by 111 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Direct ink writing (DIW) is one of the most commonly used 3D‐printing techniques. It offers great flexibility in the material (ink) selection and has been recently applied to prepare electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices, including lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, lithium metal batteries, and supercapacitors . In comparison to bulk electrodes, these 3D‐printed electrodes have shown improved electrolyte infiltration and ion diffusion …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D‐Printed Structure Boosts the Kinetics and Intrinsic Capacitance of Pseudocapacitive Graphene Aerogels

et al. 2020

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The performance of pseudocapacitive electrodes at fast charging rates are typically limited by the slow kinetics of Faradaic reactions and sluggish ion diffusion in the bulk structure. This is particularly problematic for thick electrodes and electrodes highly loaded with active materials. Here, a surface‐functionalized 3D‐printed graphene aerogel (SF‐3D GA) is presented that achieves not only a benchmark areal capacitance of 2195 mF cm−2 at a high current density of 100 mA cm−2 but also an ultrahigh intrinsic capacitance of 309.1 µF cm−2 even at a high mass loading of 12.8 mg cm−2. Importantly, the kinetic analysis reveals that the capacitance of SF‐3D GA electrode is primarily (93.3%) contributed from fast kinetic processes. This is because the 3D‐printed electrode has an open structure that ensures excellent coverage of functional groups on carbon surface and facilitates the ion accessibility of these surface functional groups even at high current densities and large mass loading/electrode thickness. An asymmetric device assembled with SF‐3D GA as anode and 3D‐printed GA decorated with MnO2 as cathode achieves a remarkable energy density of 0.65 mWh cm−2 at an ultrahigh power density of 164.5 mW cm−2, outperforming carbon‐based supercapacitors operated at the same power density.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D‐Printed Structure Boosts the Kinetics and Intrinsic Capacitance of Pseudocapacitive Graphene Aerogels

et al. 2020

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“…12 Malone et al 17 demonstrated the concept of sandwich-type all-printed batteries, based on zinc-air chemistry, by the deposition of zinc, electrolyte and catalysts, with separator media and electrodes via syringe-assisted extrusion of the active-material paste. Later, Kohlmeyer and co-workers 18 reported a series of studies on the effects of each component in optimizing the overall performance of free-standing and current-collectorembedded 3D printed LFP, LTO and LCO batteries. A PVDF-HFP separator is printed directly on top of an LFP electrode to form the all-printed battery.…”

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confidence: 99%

Towards smart free form-factor 3D printable batteries

Friman

Menkin

Kamir

et al. 2018

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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Continuous novelty as the basis for creative advance in rapidly developing different form-factor microelectronic devices requires seamless integrability of batteries. Thus, in the past decade, along with developments in battery materials, the focus has been shifting more and more towards innovative fabrication processes, unconventional configurations, and designs with multi-functional components.We present here, for the first time, a novel concept and feasibility study of a 3D-microbattery printed by fused-filament fabrication (FFF). The reversible electrochemical cycling of 3D printed lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium titanate (LTO) composite polymer electrodes vs. the lithium metal anode has been demonstrated in cells containing conventional non-aqueous and ionic-liquid electrolytes. We believe that by using comprehensively structured interlaced electrode networks it would be possible not only to fabricate free form-factor batteries but also to alleviate the continuous volume changes occurring during charge and discharge.

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Section: Electrode Materials For 3d‐printed Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kohlmeyer et al also applied CNF as a conductive additive, charge collector, and porous scaffold in 3D‐printed lithium‐ion batteries . The active material, CNFs, and PVDF were first dispersed in a polymer solution and then coated on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dish to form a freestanding and flexible battery electrode (Figure g).…”

Section: Electrode Materials For 3d‐printed Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of solvent, CNFs, and polymer affected the rheological properties. They identified an optimal ratio of active/CNF/PVDF (i.e., 40/40/20) to print best performance electrodes with the DIW (Figure h) . In extension, a LiFePO 4 cathode consisting of the same material ratios was printed on a transparent polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET) film with a complex pattern and could be easily bent or deformed without obvious damage (Figure i).…”

Section: Electrode Materials For 3d‐printed Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive Manufacturing of Batteries

Pang

Cao

Chu

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

198

129

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Additive manufacturing, i.e., 3D printing, is being increasingly utilized to fabricate a variety of complex-shaped electronics and energy devices (e.g., batteries, supercapacitors, and solar cells) due to its excellent process flexibility, good geometry controllability, as well as cost and material waste reduction. In this review, the recent advances in 3D printing of emerging batteries are emphasized and discussed. The recent progress in fabricating 3D-printed batteries through the major 3D-printing methods, including lithographybased 3D printing, template-assisted electrodeposition-based 3D printing, inkjet printing, direct ink writing, fused deposition modeling, and aerosol jet printing, are first summarized. Then, the significant achievements made in the development and printing of battery electrodes and electrolytes are highlighted. Finally, major challenges are discussed and potential research frontiers in developing 3D-printed batteries are proposed. It is expected that with the continuous development of printing techniques and materials, 3D-printed batteries with long-term durability, favorable safety as well as high energy and power density will eventually be widely used in many fields.

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Composite batteries: a simple yet universal approach to 3D printable lithium-ion battery electrodes

Abstract: A universal approach to develop 3D printable, free-standing, and current collector-embedded electrode inks has been established.

Cited by 111 publications

References 47 publications

3D‐Printed Structure Boosts the Kinetics and Intrinsic Capacitance of Pseudocapacitive Graphene Aerogels

3D‐Printed Structure Boosts the Kinetics and Intrinsic Capacitance of Pseudocapacitive Graphene Aerogels

Towards smart free form-factor 3D printable batteries

Additive Manufacturing of Batteries

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