Composição de ácidos graxos das sementes de três genótipos de Malpighia glabra L

Abstract

Fatty acid composition of seeds of three Malpighia glabra L. genotypes (Malpighiaceae)). Malpighia glabra (acerola) is a plant native to Antilles and northern South America. Its significant commercial value is due to the high vitamin C content of the fruits. Brazil is the leading producer and the largest consumer market of M. glabra in the world. The present study determines total oil yield and fatty acid profile of seeds of three M. glabra genotypes. Total oil was extracted using n-hexane, and methyl ethers of fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Total concentration of fixed oil in seeds varied between 63.33 ± 12.24 mg/g and 97.14 ± 31.47 mg/g dry matter. Palmitic (C 16:0), stearic (C 18:0), oleic (C 18:1) and linoleic (C 18:2) were identified. Linoleic acid was the main component in all M. glabra individuals analyzed, independently of epicarp color. Unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant than saturated fatty acids. The data obtained may be useful to foster the use of the species, since the oils in its seeds may be better employed in food industry and other applications. The economically viable use of agribusiness waste is an important means to reduce environmental impact and open new alternatives to obtain products with greater added value, with environmental and economic benefits.