Components of Type A, Hostility, and Anger-In: Relationship to Angiographic Findings

Dembroski, Théodore M.; MacDougall, James M.; Williams, Redford B.; Haney, Thomas L.; Blumenthal, James A.

doi:10.1097/00006842-198505000-00001

Cited by 425 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Some evidence now supports this claim. Chronic hostility and anger inhibition are associated with hypertension and coronary heart disease (e.g., Dembroski, MacDougal, Williams, Haney, & Blumenthal, 1985;Jorgensen, Johnson, Kolodziej, & Schreer, 1996;Julkunen, Salonen, Kaplan, Chesney, & Salonen, 1994; T. W. Smith, 1992; but see Suls, Wan, & Costa, 1995). Emotion inhibition also may exacerbate minor ailments (Pennebaker, 1990;Pennebaker, Kiecolt-Glaser, & Glaser, 1988) and may even accelerate cancer progression (Fawzy et al, 1993;Gross, 1989;Spiegel, Bloom, Kraemer, & Gottheil, 1989).…”

Section: Health Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

Gross

1998

Review of General Psychology

6,781

123

5,727

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The emerging field of emotion regulation studies how individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express them. This review takes an evolutionary perspective and characterizes emotion in terms of response tendencies. Emotion regulation is defined and distinguished from coping, mood regulation, defense, and affect regulation. In the increasingly specialized discipline of psychology, the field of emotion regulation cuts across traditional boundaries and provides common ground. According to a process model of emotion regulation, emotion may be regulated at five points in the emotion generative process: (a) selection of the situation, (b) modification of the situation, (c) deployment of attention, (d) change of cognitions, and (e) modulation of responses. The field of emotion regulation promises new insights into age-old questions about how people manage their emotions.

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Section: Health Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

Gross

1998

Review of General Psychology

6,781

123

5,727

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“…For example, in 131 patients referred for diagnostic cardiac catheterization, the correlation between the two measures was 0.37 (Dembroski, MacDougall, Williams, Haney, & Blumenthal, 1985).…”

Section: Hostility Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Framingham study, Spielberger' s Anger Expression scale, and SI-derived ratings of Anger-In (Haynes, Levine, Scotch, Feinleib, & Kannel, 1978;Spielberger et al, 1985;Dembroski, MacDougall, Williams, Haney, & Blumenthal, 1985;Dembroski, 1983).…”

Section: Hostility Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hostility and anger expression behavioral and cardiovascular responses to mental stress among cardiovascular disease patients

Tucker¹

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…A reliable investigator-administered instrument is the Rosenman and Friedman structured interview (MacDougall, Dembroski et al 1979). Use of this structured interview may result in different association with CHD than the self report evaluation (Dembroski, MacDougall et al 1985;Schulman and Stromberg 2007), raising questions on the reliability of the self-report instruments. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Torquato¹,

Souza²,

Iosifescu³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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The mix of concepts: Hostility, anger, aggression and other negative affectOver the past decades, a large number of studies have investigated the association between negative affect and coronary heart disease (CHD). Many were cross-sectional case-control studies, which have been criticized for the recall bias of the CHD diagnosis and for the memory distortion (Chida and Steptoe 2009). More recently, several prospective longitudinal studies with more rigorous methodology have also been developed. Notwithstanding, results from this studies are not homogeneous, with both positive and negative results. Although more rigorous in their methodology, the prospective studies use www.intechopen.com Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors 416 diverse and partially overlapping concepts to define negative affect associated with CHD (Table 1). Since each study analyzes only a single psychological construct at a time and since these concepts are only partially overlapping, it is not surprising to note the conflicting results in the literature. In addition, the single-factor approach ignores the clustering of psychosocial risk factors for physical disease, which may act synergistically (Suls and Bunde 2005). Another view, from a twin-designed study, is that some of this negative affect concepts may have a single common genetic factor and a nonshared environmental factor, i.e., enviroments uncorrelated between twins, such as accidents. (Raynor, Pogue-Geile et al. 2002). Type Some authors have proposed that anger, hostility and aggression should be considered a syndrome and other include anger and hostility in the concept of aggression. For others, hostility is characterized by interrelated elements of cynical beliefs and attributions, angry emotional states, and aggressive or antagonistic behaviors. Martin et al. advocate for the standardization of these concepts emphasizing that anger corresponds to affect, aggression to behavior, and hostility (or cynicism) to cognition. Together the three constructs form a three-factor "ABC" model of trait anger (Martin, Watson et al. 2000).Aside from hostility, anger and aggression, VE and distressed personality are more complex concepts. Although they overlap partially, these constructs include specific patterns and aspects not captured by general scales for hostility, anger and aggression. Last but not least, the concept of negative affectivity posits that these symptoms represent markers of a trait www.intechopen.com Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease 417 characterized by hypersensitivity to negative stimuli (Watson and Clark 1984) and the concept of negative emotions postulate the existence of a continuum across these affective states. Depression: The mix beyond the negative affectsBeyond negative affect, depression and, secondarily, anxiety have the strongest evidence for associations with CHD, even after controlling for traditional CHD risk factors, such as serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking. Intriguingly, as it ...

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Components of Type A, Hostility, and Anger-In: Relationship to Angiographic Findings

Cited by 425 publications

References 27 publications

The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

Hostility and anger expression behavioral and cardiovascular responses to mental stress among cardiovascular disease patients

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

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