Components of racial variation in finger ridge‐counts

Jantz, Richard L.; Hawkinson, Cleone H.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330520117

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In table 2 of Jantz and Hawkinson (1980), components 6 and 15 showed significant population differences. If the object of getting linear components is to exhibit large population differences, then the canonical variables of discriminant analysis are the best candidates; for they maximize inter-group differences.…”

Section: Correlations Between Rl3 and Other Countsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The need for a multivariate approach to finger ridge-counts and the advantages it offers, compared to the summary measures such as TFRC/ATFRC, in tracing population relationships at local and racial levels has been amply demonstrated (Knussmann 1967, Chopra 1971, Jantz and Owsley 1977, Jantz and Hawkinson 1979, 1980, Jantz, Hawkinson, Brehme and Hitzeroth 1982. Many of the above studies show interpopulation consistency in the components derived, within major racial/geographical stocks, suggesting biological validity of the underlying component structure obtained by principal component analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…There is no reason why the initial principal components should display large population differences; they only display large withingroup differences. An approximate picture that emerges out of an examination of Jantz et al's (1982) tables 6 and 7, Jantz and Hawkinson's (1980) tables 2 and 3 and the last columns of our table 6, is as follows: what components, whether initial or latter ones, display larger population differences will depend upon the distances between the populations under consideration. The major groups of subsaharan African populations showed more differences in the initial components; the mixed-up groups of American Black and White and Black African Yoruba populations showed differences in the earlier (sixth) as well as in later (fifteenth) components; in the relatively more homogeneous Black African groups the significant components were down the table, and in our case of caste groups belonging to the same village, the significant components went further down the table.…”

Section: Correlations Between Rl3 and Other Countsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Principal component of finger ridge-counts: their universality

Krishnan

1992

Annals of Human Biology

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A principal component analysis was carried out on radial and ulnar finger ridge-count data on a sample of fishermen of the sea coast of Puri in the state of Orissa in India. The component structure is very similar to that obtained earlier by Roberts and Coope for some English populations, by Arrieta and Lostao for a Basque population, by Siervogel et al. for a White American population, by Jantz and Hawkinson, and Jantz et al. for American and African populations, and by other authors for other populations. The initial components are bilaterally symmetric and the structure of these components is the same whether the two sides are taken separately or together. Only the latter components represent a certain amount of bilateral asymmetry. The first component is a 'size' component, indicating total finger ridge-count; the second component is a radial-ulnar contrast. From a comparison with previous studies on other populations, it appears that the component structure corresponding to the larger eigenvalues is fairly universal; there is a certain lack of universality in the structure of the components corresponding to smaller eigenvalues as well as in the order of these components, especially the rotated ones, when the corresponding eigenvalues are very close. As observed by previous authors, components corresponding to larger eigenvalues do not necessarily exhibit larger inter-population differences. However, there is lack of universality in the order of the components and in the structure of the components that exhibit large inter-population differences.

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Section: Correlations Between Rl3 and Other Countsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Correlations Between Rl3 and Other Countsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Principal component of finger ridge-counts: their universality

Krishnan

1992

Annals of Human Biology

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“…Applying principal component analysis to study racial and population dermatoglyphic variations, several authors (Roberts and Coope, 1975;Jantz and Owsley, 1977;Jantz, 1979;Roberts, 1979;Jantz and Hawkinson, 1980;Jantz and Chopra, 1983) emphasized convincingly the necessity of using 20 variables -the radial and ulnar counts of each of the ten fingers. Actually, entirely ignoring the lower ridge-count of each whorl, including the only value of each loop irrespective of its direction and summarizing the inclusive values of the ten fingers, the total ridge-count (TRC) is especially inappropriate when evaluating dermatogl phic asymmetry.…”

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confidence: 98%

Asymmetry and intraindividual diversity in digital dermatoglyphics of Bulgarians

Karev

1990

American J Hum Biol

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A random sample of 2,130 apparently healthy Bulgarians, 1,065 of each sex, was investigated to obtain a detailed picture of finger dermatoglyphic asymmetry and intraindividual diversity in the population examined. Both sexes showed an almost equal pattern of asymmetry and diversity. Relative pattern asymmetry, taking into account the pattern type frequencies, tends to be higher in males, being especially pronounced on fingers which show a low asymmetry in other aspects. Like other populations so far examined, Bulgarians display higher rates in males than in females concerning the total, ulnar, and radial ridge-counts, their asymmetries, and intraindividual diversities. However, the more analysis of the ridge-count asymmetry is worked out in detail, the more it becomes evident that both sexes are asymmetrical not so much to a different degree as in a different manner. As a whole, the ambidirectional, directional, fluctuating, and relative asymmetries are practically consistent in both sexes. Important sex differences are revealed in the structure of the directional and fluctuating asymmetries concerning contrasts between their radial and ulnar levels. The sex differences in directional asymmetry are discussed in the light of possible effects of the sex chromosomes upon the mediolateral developmental gradients. Expressed modulation of the fluctuating asymmetry by finger is interpreted as evidence for considerable differences between separate finger pairs in their sensitivity to stressful factors. Presented results are relevant to anthropology and population genetics and could have implications in medical genetics and teratology, serving as normative data in pathological conditions.

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“…In many studies on dermatoglyphic asymmetry, only one ridge-count is considered for each finger, namely the higher ridge-count of each whorl, and the only value of each loop irrespective of its direction. In order to evaluate dermatoglyphic asymmetry, the separate analyses of both the radial and ulnar counts finger-by-finger provide much more information, as has been shown by different authors (e.g., Jantz and Hawkinson, 1980;Jantz and Owsley, 1977;Karev, 1988;Roberts and Coope, 1975). Principal components analysis has further demonstrated differences between radial and ulnar sides of fingers (Roberts, 1979;Santos and Meier, 1990;Siervogel et al, 1978).…”

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confidence: 99%

Finger ridge-count asymmetry and diversity in Andean Indians and interpopulation comparisons

Dittmar

1998

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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A separate analysis of ulnar and radial finger ridge-counts, obtained from 115 Aymara Indians (55 males and 60 females) of northern Chile, was performed. From these variables, directional asymmetry, fluctuating asymmetry, indices of bilateral asymmetry (square root of A2), and intraindividual diversity (s/square root of 5) were calculated for each sex. The results show that most bimanual differences for the ridge-counts are not statistically significant in the Aymara, except for radial counts in female first and second fingers (right hand means are larger), while most ulnar-radial differences are highly significant in both sexes (radial values exceed ulnar ones). Most sex differences do not reach statistical significance, although males have more ridge-counts, lower directional asymmetry, somewhat lower fluctuating asymmetry, and lower indices of asymmetry and diversity than females. As fluctuating asymmetry is not larger in males, the dermatoglyphic findings do not indicate support for the hypothesis that males are less canalized than females. In accordance with the findings of other authors, interpopulation comparisons in the indices of asymmetry and diversity show ethnic differences. Both indices tend to be low in samples of African ancestry, high in samples of European origin, and intermediate in the Aymara, while Indian groups are characterized by high asymmetry and low diversity values. Moreover, the data reveal a geographical trend in that asymmetry and diversity values tend to decrease from the northern to the southern hemisphere in populations of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, thus indicating greater ridge-count variability and heterogeneity among fingers in northern populations. It is assumed that this gradient primarily reflects different degrees of miscegenation and heterozygosity.

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Components of racial variation in finger ridge‐counts

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Principal component of finger ridge-counts: their universality

Principal component of finger ridge-counts: their universality

Asymmetry and intraindividual diversity in digital dermatoglyphics of Bulgarians

Finger ridge-count asymmetry and diversity in Andean Indians and interpopulation comparisons

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