Components and Connections

Meijs, Maarten; Knaack, Ulrich

doi:10.1515/9783034610636

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…At that stage, the development of the architectural detail plays a crucial part in the performativity of the building. Connections and joints are also significant in the detailed development of building skin [10]. Besides the functional and structural, materialization is also considered an integral part of the process.…”

Section: Transformative Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Architecture of Public Buildings as Transformative Model Towards Sustainability

Zinoski

2024

J Eng App Sci Technol

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Problem Statement: After the era of socialist modernism in Macedonia, the transition process of the newly independent state inevitably affected and still transforms the architectural heritage. The monumentality of modern architecture in Yugoslavia was determined by its specific typology and spaciousness. Such characteristics are becoming vulnerable while facing certain challenges between sustainability and the building's formal aspects and appearance. The reflection of these challenges can be observed through the architectural transformation based on heating demands, influenced by social, economic, and digital capitalism. In these processes, the other aspects of architectural physics are often neglected (thermal, acoustic, etc), which becomes an issue in terms of the building’s performance and sustainability, and the building's energy efficiency implementation in its entirety. The problem area of this research is the redefining approach of the architectural practice which strives toward sustainability. Moreover, there is a lack of approaches based on a joint strategy between architecture transformations and architecture physics in a holistic manner. Purpose of Study: The main aim is to understand the transformation process, from the architecture of monumentality to the architecture of segregation, where energy consumption is the driving factor and is directly related to the economy market. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to Investigate the interrelation between the architectural transformation process and the discipline of building physics reflected in the energy efficiency strategies. Methods: The research is focused on public buildings, built in the period of social modernism in Yugoslavia, that have transformed their facade and materialization. This study investigated the reasons that drive the transformation processes. In that direction, the research method covers chronological data of the energy efficiency strategies by discussing their plans and actions and uses an analytical approach that recognizes the transformed models into sustainable architecture as evidence of the tendencies toward a sustainable economy of the built environment. Findings and Results: The expected results of the research will determine the main driving economic and social factors of the transformative processes and will elaborate on the transformed model's sustainability. Conclusions and Recommendations: The research will conclude the necessity of collaboration between architecture transformation and building physics, which indicates the architectural characteristics of sustainability

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Section: Transformative Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Architecture of Public Buildings as Transformative Model Towards Sustainability

Zinoski

2024

J Eng App Sci Technol

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“…The classification of connections used is organized according to: (i) the use of joining elements (e.g. direct connections-when no joining accessory is usedor indirect connection-when an accessory element is used); (ii) the type of joining element (no joining element, joining material-such as mortar-, joining section-such as adhesive stripe-, or joining component -such as battens or screws) (Martin, 1977;Meijs & Knaack, 2009); and (iii) the type of strength used (e.g. physical, chemical or mechanical forces) (Messler, 2004;).…”

Section: Shape Grammarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of Ceramic Roof Tiles: Enhancing New Functional Design Possibilities Through the Integration of Digital Tools for Simulation, Manufacture and Assembly

Escaleira¹,

Morais²,

Figueiredo³

et al. 2021

Blucher Design Proceedings

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The material qualities of ceramic roof tiles have provided new formal interpretations that induced a new functional use-a wall. By disassembling ceramic roof tiles from roofs and assembling them into walls, its circularity potential was enlarged. This paper explores the potential use of ceramic roof tiles, as a single element type, in the definition of wall design systems and patterns of composition that comply with design for manufacture, assembly and disassembly (DfMA-D) requirements, through the development of a shape grammar and implementation through parametric models. The new shape grammar extends the compositional patterns already produced and the redefinition of the connection systems by incorporating DfMA-D requirements into the shape grammar rules sets new combinatorial patterns aligned with European Union goals for building circularity. The parametric models automate the generation of design solutions and extend the design process to the assembly and disassembly stages using robotic fabrication techniques.

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“…The type of structures can be in general categorised in loadbearing external walls, skeletal frame and box-frame structure. Meijs and Knaack (2009) define the three types of construction as solid, skeleton and slab construction, according to the vertical elements function and the way the roof is supported.…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been used since antiquity, from stone and brick to wattle and daub (Brock, 2005). It provided the waterproof layer of external walls (Meijs & Knaack, 2009), as well as a smooth surface for painting and decorative patterns. Once limited to Trowel-applied finishing of lime, gypsum, or cement, the definition of plaster has developed to include acrylics and polymer-modified base coats (Brock, 2005).…”

Section: Plaster and Rendersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facade Refurbishment Toolbox. Supporting the Design of Residential Energy Upgrades

Konstantinou

2014

Architecture and the Built Environment

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The starting point of the research is the need to refurbish existing residential building stock, in order to reduce its energy demand, which accounts for over one fourth of the energy consumption in the European Union. Refurbishment is a necessary step to reach the ambitious energy and decarbonisation targets for 2020 and 2050 that require an eventual reduction up to 90% in CO2 emissions. In this context, the rate and depth of refurbishment need to grow. The number of building to be renovated every year should increase, while the energy savings in renovated buildings should be over 60% reduction to current energy demand. To achieve that, not only is it necessary to find politics and incentives, but also to enable the building industry to design and construct effective refurbishment strategies. This research focuses on refurbishment of the building envelope, as it is very influential with regard to energy reduction. The early design phases are particularly important, as decisions taken during this stage can determine the success or failure of the design. Even though the design decisions made earlier can have bigger impact with lower cost and effort, most existing tools focus on post-design evaluation. The integration of all aspects during the early design phases is complex, particularly as far as energy efficient design is concerned. At this stage, architects are in search for a design direction to make an informed decision. If the designer is provided with an indication of how efficient refurbishment options are, it is possible to apply them as part of an integrated strategy rather than trying to add measures at later stages, after the strategy has been developed. Therefore, taking into account the need to refurbish residential buildings and the importance of integrated design of façade refurbishment strategies, the thesis aims at answering the following question. How can the energy upgrade potential of residential façade refurbishment strategies be integrated in the early design phase, in order to support decision-making? The objective of the research is to enable the design of refurbishment strategies that acknowledge the potential of energy savings. Having available an assessment of the energy performance results in informed decisions that improve the efficiency of the strategy and the final refurbished building. The answer to the research question is given by the Façade Refurbishment Toolbox (FRT) approach. It consists of three different types of information that can support the decision-making of residential façade refurbishment strategies. Firstly, the building envelope components that need to be addressed in an integrated refurbishment strategy are identified and different retrofitting measures for each one are proposed, composing the façade refurbishment toolbox. Secondly, the measures are quantified in terms of energy upgrade potential, expressed by the simulated energy demand reduction after the application of the measure. Finally, a roadmap to the key decision aspects in the refurbishment strategy development indicates when the toolbox information can be used. The methodology used to develop the FRT approach includes organising and calculating information about component retrofitting measures. The steps of the methodology were developed in the different chapters of the thesis. The first three chapters (Chapters 2-4) comprise the theoretical background that shapes the research question, discussion of the residential building stock, energy performance and refurbishment practice. Chapters 5 and 6 describe the process of the composition of the toolbox. Finally, Chapters 7 and 8 are concerned with its further applicability, regarding the approach validation and usability. This thesis concludes with an approach to enable informed and energy-efficiency conscious decisions in the early stage of the design of refurbishment strategies. To improve the design process, the Façade Refurbishment Toolbox facilitates the development of strategies in different cases and for different specifications, without limiting or dictating designers’ choices. Designing is deciding. Knowledge and information can lead to better understanding of a decision consequent and, therefore, result in better design solutions. Different buildings have different energy saving potential. They also have different specifications, performance requirements and design ambitions. All these parameters result in different refurbishment strategies. The aim of the proposed approach is not replacing the design process and generating a solution, but supporting it by providing information to lead into responsible and knowledgeable decisions. In this way, refurbishment strategies that take into account the building improvement, occupants’ comfort and efficient energy use can be designed, contributing to the greater society’s goals of CO2 emissions reduction and sustainable development.

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Components and Connections

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The Architecture of Public Buildings as Transformative Model Towards Sustainability

The Architecture of Public Buildings as Transformative Model Towards Sustainability

Reuse of Ceramic Roof Tiles: Enhancing New Functional Design Possibilities Through the Integration of Digital Tools for Simulation, Manufacture and Assembly

Facade Refurbishment Toolbox. Supporting the Design of Residential Energy Upgrades

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