Component Fatty Acids of the Milk of the Grey (Atlantic) Seal

Ackman, R. G.; Burgher, R. D.

doi:10.1139/o63-279

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The fatty acid profiles of pinniped milk include chains of 14-22 carbon units and are characterized by a high proportion of long-chain PUFAs (Ackman and Burgher 1963;Jangaard and Ke 1968;Van Horn and Baker 1971;Riedman and Ortiz 1979;Iverson et al 1992;Puppione et al 1992;Iverson 1993;Iverson et al 1995aIverson et al , 1997. In this study, the fatty acid profiles of harp and hooded seal milk correspond to this general pattern, with high concentrations of C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C20:1, and C20:5 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation

Debier¹,

Kovacs²,

Lydersen³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Zool.

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This study reports fatty acid profiles and vitamin A and vitamin E contents of the milk of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) throughout the lactation period, as well as standard compositional analyses. The milk for this study was collected from harp and hooded seals breeding on the pack ice in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Mother-pup pairs were serially captured, or point-sampled, in order to obtain milk samples during different lactation stages. Milk lipids showed the respective species' typical patterns during lactation, with a significant increase for harp seal milk and a relatively constant value for hooded seal milk. The profiles of most of the milk fatty acids remained relatively stable over the course of lactation in both species. Vitamin A content was also quite stable through lactation. By contrast, vitamin E content underwent a dramatic drop between the day of birth and early lactation for harp seals and from birth to midlactation for hooded seals. It then continued to decrease at a slower rate until the end of lactation in both species. The highest vitamin E content of colostrum reached 125 mg/kg of milk for harp seals and 200 mg/kg of milk for hooded seals. These concentrations subsequently dropped to 20-50 mg/kg of milk by early or mid lactation. These changes in this lipophilic, antioxidizing vitamin were not correlated with milk lipid content or its polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles.Résumé : Cette étude traite de l'évolution du profil en acides gras ainsi que des teneurs en vitamine A et en vitamine E dans le lait de Phoque du Groenland (Phoca groenlandica) et de Phoque à capuchon (Cystophora cristata) au cours de la lactation. La composition grossière du lait est également présentée. Les échantillons de lait ont été recueillis sur des Phoques du Groenland et des Phoques à capuchon qui se reproduisent sur la banquise du golfe du Saint Laurent. Dans le but d'avoir des échantillons de lait à différents stades de lactation, les couples mères-petits ont fait l'objet de captures successives ou ponctuelles. Les concentrations en lipides du lait suivent l'évolution habituellement observée pour ces espèces, avec une augmentation considérable dans le lait de Phoque du Groenland et une teneur relativement constante dans le lait de Phoque à capuchon. Chez les deux espèces, le profil de la plupart des acides gras du lait reste assez stable au cours de la lactation. De même, le contenu en vitamine A est relativement stable pendant toute la période de la lactation. Par contre, la concentration en vitamine E du lait subit une chute spectaculaire entre le jour de la naissance et le premier tiers de la lactation chez les Phoques du Groenland et entre le jour de la naissance et le milieu de la lactation chez les Phoques à capuchon. Elle continue ensuite à diminuer à un taux plus lent jusqu'à la fin de la lactation. Les contenus en vitamine E du colostrum atteignent 125 mg/kg de lait chez le Phoque du Groenland et 200 mg/kg de lait chez le Phoque à capuchon. Les concent...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation

Debier¹,

Kovacs²,

Lydersen³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Gas chromatographic errors in individual oil analyses reflect contemporary and past standards in diverse studies carried out for other purposes with a variety of apparatus and staff. The pentaenoic and hexaenoic acids from marine oils appear to react with lipoxidase in the same manner as linoleic acid, although ~6o3/X6o6 ratios can be as high as 7-10 for marine oils or as low as 2-3 in fresh water fish oils (19). These findings are consistent with the early observation of Holman and Elmer (20) that linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids oxidized to equal degrees with lipoxidase, although their rates of autoxidation increased with unsaturation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Reaction of lipoxidase with polyenoic acids in marine oils

Beare-Rogers

Ackman²

1969

Lipids

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Eight samples of raw oils from fresh water and marine fish, and two from marine mammals, were examined for polyenoic fatty acids susceptible to the action of lipoxidase. The results agreed well in most instances with gas chromatographic data and indicated that only one peroxide group was formed in polyenoic fatty acids with more than one ostensibly suitable 1,4‐pentadiene system. Four commercially available preparations of polyenoic fatty acids showed varying degrees of susceptibility to lipoxidase, indicating the probable presence of artifacts formed in purification steps. The marine polyenoic acids were suitable substrates for lipoxidase.

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“…P at Fatty acid composition was determined by proportionate assessment of the product of peak height multiplied by the retention time [11].…”

Section: Tissue Lipid Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fat-Free Diet on Fetal and Maternal Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and the Timing of Parturition in the Mouse

1982

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Pregnant mice were fed a fat-free diet during the first 17 days of pregnancy with fatty acid compositions and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities measured in maternal and fetal liver and in placenta. Both liver and placenta showed fatty acid composition typical of essential fatty acid deficiency. The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity increased 10-fold in maternal liver, but no diet-induced change in placental or fetal liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was seen. The maternal arachidonic acid stores were not sufficiently depleted by fat deprivation to alter the course of pregnancy or parturition.

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Component Fatty Acids of the Milk of the Grey (Atlantic) Seal

Cited by 54 publications

References 6 publications

Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation

Vitamin E and vitamin A contents, fatty acid profiles, and gross composition of harp and hooded seal milk through lactation

Reaction of lipoxidase with polyenoic acids in marine oils

Effects of Fat-Free Diet on Fetal and Maternal Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and the Timing of Parturition in the Mouse

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