Component-based flood vulnerability modelling for cultural heritage buildings

Figueiredo, Rui; Romão, Xavier; Paupério, Esmeralda

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102323

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The use of the number of visitors to each CH to approximate the social appreciation of each CH attraction, never used before for flood impact assessment, although not exhaustive of the different components of CH value , provides a metric of intangible value well correlated with both non-use values (e.g., social value) and extractive use values (e.g., tourism revenues). The depth-idleness flood vulnerability function, which assigns to flood depth a re-opening time, is again a novel aspect of this research which might complement recent approaches of ultra-detailed stage-damage functions developed for a single cultural building (Figueiredo et al, 2021). The conclusions that can be drawn from the application to the case study are: i.…”

Section: Resilience Indirect Impacts and Riskmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As a consequence of the difficulties in quantifying exposure and vulnerability, flood risk assessment to cultural heritage has been mostly addressed in a qualitative way by categorizing and ranking assets in terms of vulnerability and performing exposure analysis at national or site scale (Arrighi, Brugioni, et al, 2018; Figueiredo et al, 2019; Garrote & Escudero, 2020; Miranda & Ferreira, 2019; Vojinovic et al, 2016; Wang, 2015). Flood vulnerability models for CH, that is, stage–damage functions are rarely found in literature (Figueiredo et al, 2021), since only recently the Sendai Framework has identified the promotion of resilient CH under the broad priority action areas. Romão and Paupério (2021) proposed an indicator to estimate direct and indirect economic losses to CH after an event based on the expected time to recover, non‐extractive use values and non‐use values, recovery costs, GDP and gross value added associated to CH sector with an application to the city of Lorca (Spain).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience of art cities to flood risk: A quantitative model based on depth‐idleness correlation

Arrighi

Carraresi

Castelli

2022

J Flood Risk Management

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Cultural heritage (CH) is threatened by floods; however, the understanding of exposure and vulnerability is challenging and makes risk and resilience assessment rarely practiced. CH is crucial for post-disaster resilience, especially when the local economy is based on tourism. The work presents a novel framework for evaluating flood resilience, indirect impacts, and associated risk in art cities. The exposure of CH is estimated using the number of visitors as a proxy variable for the social appreciation. A new depth-idleness vulnerability function assigning a reopening time to flood depth is developed from post-event reports. A resilience model is conceived to (i) describe the recovery dynamics, (ii) estimate the indirect impacts in terms of lost visitors to CH for different probabilistic scenarios, (iii) calculate risk, and (iv) identify mitigation actions. The application of the model to the art city of Florence (Italy), a UNESCO site visited by approximately 10 million people a year, shows that a medium recurrence interval flood requires a recovery time of 351 days and causes a loss of 10.5 million visitors. The annual average number of lost visitors is 88,000 approximately. Resilience can be increased by accelerating the reopening and by reinforcing the attractivity of the city.

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Section: Resilience Indirect Impacts and Riskmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience of art cities to flood risk: A quantitative model based on depth‐idleness correlation

Arrighi

Carraresi

Castelli

2022

J Flood Risk Management

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“…Moreover, the definition of the damage scale depends on the building type (Hill and Rossetto, 2008) and the likely failure mechanisms that it can experience under the action of specific hazard intensity measures (IM) (Vamvatsikos et al, 2010;Selva, 2013). Therefore, the observable damage features on individual structural or non-structural components that jointly describe a certain damage state can have contrasting descriptions across various hazard-dependent vulnerability types (Gehl and D'Ayala, 2018;Figueiredo et al, 2021) and there is often not a 1:1 relation between them for the case of earthquakes and tsunamis (Bonacho and Oliveira, 2018;Lahcene et al, 2021). The reasons behind such a mismatching between the definitions of damage states may arise from the absence of standard formats for damage data collection across regions and across the several vulnerability types of interest (Mas et al, 2020;Frucht et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru

Zapata

Pittore

Brinckmann

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Multi-hazard risk assessments for building portfolios exposed to earthquake shaking followed by a tsunami are usually based on empirical vulnerability models calibrated on post-event surveys of damaged buildings. The applicability of these models cannot easily be extrapolated to other regions of larger/smaller events. Moreover, the quantitative evaluation of the damages related to each of the hazards type (disaggregation) is impossible. To investigate cumulative damage on extended building portfolios, this study proposes an alternative and modular method to probabilistically integrate sets of single-hazard vulnerability models that are being constantly developed and calibrated by experts from various research fields to be used within a multi-risk context. This method is based on the proposal of state-dependent fragility functions for the triggered hazard to account for the pre-existing damage, and the harmonisation of building classes and damage states through their taxonomic characterization, which is transversal to any hazard-dependent vulnerability. This modular assemblage also allows us to separate the economic losses expected for each scenario on building portfolios subjected to cascading hazards. We demonstrate its application by assessing the economic losses expected for the residential building stock of Lima, Peru, a megacity commonly exposed to consecutive earthquake and tsunami scenarios. We show the importance of accounting for damage accumulation on extended building portfolios while observing a dependency between the earthquake magnitude and the losses derived for each hazard scenario. For the commonly exposed residential building stock of Lima exposed to both perils, we find that classical tsunami empirical fragility functions lead to an underestimation of predicted losses for lower magnitudes (Mw) and large overestimations for larger Mw events in comparison to our state-dependent models and cumulative damage method.

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“…At site scale, a flood risk framework has been applied to the historical city of Alzira (Spain) with a detailed catalog of morphological and constructive characteristics of monuments (Trizio et al, 2021). Assetspecific, component-based flood vulnerability functions have been developed for two churches in Portugal (Figueiredo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Scale Analysis of River Flood Risk of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Arrighi

2021

Front. Water

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Floods can significantly affect Cultural Heritage with consequences that might not easily be repaired, given the unicity of this type of exposed asset. Flood losses are both tangible and intangible since communities rely on cultural heritage for its historical, spiritual, aesthetic, and socio-economic values. This work aims at examining river flood risk of UNESCO tangible World Heritage (UNWH) sites to identify the most at risk assets with a risk matrix approach entailing hazard, exposure, and vulnerability at a global scale. A distinction is made between natural sites, for which only hazard and exposure are assessed, and cultural and mixed sites. Hazard is evaluated by using the river flood maps at global scale developed by JRC for six probabilistic scenarios, exposure classification is based on the World Heritage List selection criteria and vulnerability is based on site typology. The analysis on 1,121 sites, as of March 2021, shows that 35% of natural and 21% of cultural and mixed UNWH sites are exposed to river floods. The risk matrix combining hazard, exposure, and vulnerability reveals that 2% of UNWH is at extremely high risk and 7% at very high risk, mostly in the Europe-North America and Asia-Pacific Regions. The analysis also stresses the need for a systematic collection, update, and storage of georeferenced data for cultural heritage. Further analysis should be carried out at local scales, with a priority for higher risk sites to better estimate hazard and vulnerability at a higher spatial resolution.

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Component-based flood vulnerability modelling for cultural heritage buildings

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Resilience of art cities to flood risk: A quantitative model based on depth‐idleness correlation

Resilience of art cities to flood risk: A quantitative model based on depth‐idleness correlation

Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru

A Global Scale Analysis of River Flood Risk of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

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