Complications of Post-Transplant Immunosuppression

Girlanda, Raffaele

doi:10.5772/55614

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…However, despite obvious benefits, the use of immunosuppressive agents is associated with the onset of acute and chronic nephrotoxicity, limiting their clinical use [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) nephrotoxicity has been well documented in transplant recipients [ 14 ]; virtually all individuals receiving a CNI will develop some degree of kidney toxicity [ 15 ]. CKD has been documented to develop frequently following non-renal solid-organ transplantation and is strongly linked to increased morbidity and mortality within these individuals [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tacrolimus Modulates TGF-β Signaling to Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells

Bennett

Cassidy

Slattery

et al. 2016

JCM

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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process which describes the trans-differentiation of epithelial cells into motile mesenchymal cells, is pivotal in stem cell behavior, development and wound healing, as well as contributing to disease processes including fibrosis and cancer progression. Maintenance immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) has become routine management for renal transplant patient, but unfortunately the nephrotoxicity of these drugs has been well documented. HK-2 cells were exposed to Tacrolimus (FK506) and EMT markers were assessed by RT PCR and western blot. FK506 effects on TGF-β mRNA were assessed by RT PCR and TGF-β secretion was measured by ELISA. The impact of increased TGF-β secretion on Smad signaling pathways was investigated. The impact of inhibition of TGF-β signaling on EMT processes was assessed by scratch-wound assay. The results presented in this study suggest that FK506 initiates EMT processes in the HK-2 cell line, with altered expression of epithelial and myofibroblast markers evident. Additionally, the study demonstrates that FK506 activation of the TGF-β/ SMAD pathways is an essential step in the EMT process. Overall the results demonstrate that EMT is heavily involved in renal fibrosis associated with CNI nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tacrolimus Modulates TGF-β Signaling to Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells

Bennett

Cassidy

Slattery

et al. 2016

JCM

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“…Given the long history of research on immune rejection in organ transplants [35], it would be predicted that immunosuppressants are somehow required for successful transplantation therapies. It also means that strategies to reduce complications caused by long-term administration of immunosuppressants such as carcinogenesis and infectious diseases [36,37].…”

Section: Allogeneic Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for immune regulation in iPS cell-based cardiac regenerative medicine

et al. 2020

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Cardiac regenerative therapy is expected to be a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of severe cardiovascular diseases. Artificial tissues or organoids made from cardiovascular cell lineages differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are expected to regenerate the damaged heart. Even though immune rejection rarely occurs when iPSC-derived graft and the recipient have the same HLA type, in some cases, such as tissue transplantation onto hearts, the HLA matching would not be sufficient to fully control immune rejection. The present review introduces recent immunomodulatory strategies in iPSC-based transplantation therapies other than MHC matching including the induction of immune tolerance through iPSC-derived antigen-presenting cells, simultaneous transplantation of syngeneic mesenchymal stem cells, and using the universal donor cells such as gene editing-based HLA modulation in iPSCs to regulate T cell compatibility. In addition, we present future perspectives for proper adjustment of immunosuppression therapy after iPSC-derived tissue/organoid-based cardiac regenerative therapies by identifying biomarkers monitoring immune rejection.

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“…Pesakit transplan perlu mengambil ubat-ubatan imunosupresif untuk mengelak berlakunya penolakan organ baru dengan cara penurunan tindakbalas imun di dalam badan pesakit (Girlanda 2013). Oleh itu, pengambilan ubat secara berterusan boleh menyebabkan pesakit cenderung untuk memperolehi infeksi oportunistik seperti C. parvum (Raja et al 2014) dan G. intestinalis (Mukku et al 2015).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Parasitic Infections Among Renal Transplant Recipients in Kuala Lumpur Hospital

Yusof

Ghani²

2018

JSKM

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Suatu kajian irisan lintang dengan pensampelan purposif telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kadar prevalens infeksi parasit iaitu Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum), Giardia intestinalis (G. intestinalis), Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) dan Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) di kalangan 171 orang pesakit renal kronik di Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL). Subjek kajian terbahagi kepada 2 kumpulan iaitu 138 orang penerima transplan renal (postransplan) dan 33 orang dari kumpulan pratransplan. Di dalam kajian ini, prevalens infeksi parasit turut dikaji dari aspek bangsa, jantina, kumpulan pesakit renal dan tempoh postransplantasi renal. Peringkat oosista C. parvum dan sista G. intestinalis dikesan melalui teknik pewarnaan imunofluoresen manakala kaedah kultur 'Sand Charcoal' pula diaplikasi bagi mengesan kehadiran helmin S. stercoralis di dalam feses pesakit. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kadar prevalens protozoa C. parvum, G. intestinalis dan B. hominis di kalangan pesakit postransplan adalah masing-masing 18.1%, 10.9% dan 22.5% manakala pesakit pratransplan tiada yang terinfeksi. Keputusan turut menunjukkan kedua-dua kumpulan pesakit adalah bebas daripada infeksi S. stercoralis. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga menunjukkan hubungan antara tempoh postransplantasi dan corak prevalens infeksi parasit tidak signifikan, walau bagaimanapun, berlakunya pernurunan kadar prevalens C. parvum dan G. intestinalis selepas 6 bulan transplantasi renal dijalankan.

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Complications of Post-Transplant Immunosuppression

Cited by 18 publications

References 85 publications

Tacrolimus Modulates TGF-β Signaling to Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells

Tacrolimus Modulates TGF-β Signaling to Induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells

Strategies for immune regulation in iPS cell-based cardiac regenerative medicine

Parasitic Infections Among Renal Transplant Recipients in Kuala Lumpur Hospital

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