Complications of fiberoptic endoscopy

Comparison of Glucagon and Scopolamine Butylbromide as Premedication for Colonoscopy in Unsedated Patients

“…It must be kept in mind that elderly patients frequently have subclinical cardiopulmonary dysfunction. 16 In view of our findings of potentially serious cardiac side effects of scopolamine butylbromide, it seems reasonable to recommend glucagon instead when using antispasmodic medications for colonoscopy.…”

Computed tomographic distinction of submucosal lipoma and adenomatous polyp of the colon

“…A "pillow sign" or "cushion sign", indentation of a lipoma with a closed biopsy forceps followed by restoration of its original shape upon withdrawal of the forceps, and a "naked fat sign", fat protruding from biopsy site of a lipoma immediately following deep mucosal biopsy, have been described [5,16,17]. However, endoscopy requires special skill and experience and carries a slight risk of complication [18]. Furthermore, the cecum, the most common location for colonic lipomas, can only be successfully examined in 57-85% of cases [19,20].…”

Stress ulcer bleeding

“…The precise role of EGD in stress-related upper GI bleeding is difficult to define because of the diffuse nature of the lesions. Diagnostic EGD is a simple procedure and carries a morbidity of 1.0% and mortality of less than 0.1% [33]. In certain instances, endoscopic hemostasis can be achieved when active bleeding is found to be arising from a visible vessel within an ulcer crater.…”