“…15,16 The reported cases of urinothorax are generally seen in adults; however, there are cases where it is diagnosed in children as well. 17 In the present case, the pleural fluid biochemistry was altered due to HD, thus altering the pleural fluid/serum creatinine ratio 18 and affecting the diagnosis. However, a history of obstructive uropathy combined with pleural effusion and radiological evidences of urine seepage as well as marked improvement in the patient's condition post-surgery, accompanied by a reduction without recurrence of pleural effusion post-DJ stenting was an indirect evidence confirming the diagnosis of urinothorax.…”