Abstract:Evidence is presented of how the Great Recession affected prioritisation of environmental protection. World Values Survey data from both before the recession's onset and its aftermath shows that increases in unemployment rates had significant, negative effects upon prioritisation of environmental protection while changing growth rates or gross domestic product (GDP) had none. These results hold not only among advanced industrial democracies, but also generalise to Latin American countries. Additionally, the fi… Show more
“…Just as in this research in which we found that, the ability to access and use equipment for monitoring pollution positively and significantly affect the role of ENGOs in EIA, it is also argued ( Fagan and Sircar, 2010 , p. 612) that ENGOs which are more technically or scientifically oriented are those that are more likely to be involved in EIA. Main while, those that focus on social mobilization and cannot source technical knowledge are likely to be less involved in the EIA process.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 50%
“…In Brazil political appointees have domineered the technocrats and reduced the effectiveness of EIA as an instrument of sustainable development ( Fearnside, 2015 ). It is also argued that, effective protection of the environment would only be achieved when all stakeholders, not just political elites, would have ownership over the EIA process ( Fagan and Sircar, 2010 ). Figure 4 EO's perception of potential factors affecting implementation of EIA laws in Uganda.…”
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a broad process that emerged from the National Environment Policy Act, 1970 in the U.S. Its primary objective is to generate information on the likely impacts of a project on all aspects of the environment and used in agency decision making and in the long run protect the environment and achieve sustainable development. EIA practice in Uganda was formally established through the National Environment Act, 1995 and now in practice for over 25 years. However, there is increasing level of water pollution especially Lake Victoria, rivers, streams, aquifers and soils. This research reviewed the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for EIA, related literature and EIA documents especially EIA reports and conducted key EIA stakeholders survey using questionnaires to identify capacity and practice issues. The results revealed that, there was gap between law and practice arising from inadequate and ineffective public participation, weak follow-up, low key stakeholder's capacity, political interference, lack of SEA practice and not embracing EIA in a transboundary context. However, there is fairly good and comprehensive institutional, legislative and regulatory framework for EIA, good local governance structures, adequate staffing, robust national planning framework, active non-state actors and regional groupings. In order to maximize the potential of EIA as a means for achieving the SDGs, we recommended measures to address the challenges facing the EIA practice as well as utilize the existing opportunities within the context in which EIA is applied.
“…Just as in this research in which we found that, the ability to access and use equipment for monitoring pollution positively and significantly affect the role of ENGOs in EIA, it is also argued ( Fagan and Sircar, 2010 , p. 612) that ENGOs which are more technically or scientifically oriented are those that are more likely to be involved in EIA. Main while, those that focus on social mobilization and cannot source technical knowledge are likely to be less involved in the EIA process.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 50%
“…In Brazil political appointees have domineered the technocrats and reduced the effectiveness of EIA as an instrument of sustainable development ( Fearnside, 2015 ). It is also argued that, effective protection of the environment would only be achieved when all stakeholders, not just political elites, would have ownership over the EIA process ( Fagan and Sircar, 2010 ). Figure 4 EO's perception of potential factors affecting implementation of EIA laws in Uganda.…”
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a broad process that emerged from the National Environment Policy Act, 1970 in the U.S. Its primary objective is to generate information on the likely impacts of a project on all aspects of the environment and used in agency decision making and in the long run protect the environment and achieve sustainable development. EIA practice in Uganda was formally established through the National Environment Act, 1995 and now in practice for over 25 years. However, there is increasing level of water pollution especially Lake Victoria, rivers, streams, aquifers and soils. This research reviewed the institutional, legal and regulatory framework for EIA, related literature and EIA documents especially EIA reports and conducted key EIA stakeholders survey using questionnaires to identify capacity and practice issues. The results revealed that, there was gap between law and practice arising from inadequate and ineffective public participation, weak follow-up, low key stakeholder's capacity, political interference, lack of SEA practice and not embracing EIA in a transboundary context. However, there is fairly good and comprehensive institutional, legislative and regulatory framework for EIA, good local governance structures, adequate staffing, robust national planning framework, active non-state actors and regional groupings. In order to maximize the potential of EIA as a means for achieving the SDGs, we recommended measures to address the challenges facing the EIA practice as well as utilize the existing opportunities within the context in which EIA is applied.
“…Other studies on Bosnian environmental organisations have shown that technical knowledge and service provision, rather than political activism, are privileged as activities by local NGOs and are used as the basis to assess impacts (Fagan 2006, Fagan and Sircar 2009. Both MPDL and Zelena Brda have consciously focused on developing the 'scientific' and evidential aspects of for their projects.…”
Section: Case Study: River Basin Management and Engos In Herzegovinamentioning
Environmental activism across the Western Balkan successor states of the former Yugoslavia, particularly in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia, remains in its infancy. Compared to the movements of central and Eastern Europe, the development of environmental non-governmental organisations (ENGOs) in these states appears to be much slower. From the empirical perspective of non-governmental organisation activity concerning river basin management in Herzegovina, the factors that have determined the pace and nature of environmental politics in the region are explored. The most significant constraints on ENGO activity relate specifically to the political legacy of conflict and the turbulent recent history of this region. The ethnicisation of party politics, the weak regulatory capacity of state authorities and the obfuscation of power, the specific model of political economy and the absence of green politics at the time of the collapse of socialism coalesce to inhibit the emergence of politically engaged and professionalised green advocacy networks.
“…Th e practices are quite diff erent in all EU countries, and Fernández et al (2010) associate it with the socio-political development of each country. Fagan (2005Fagan ( , 2006aFagan ( , 2006bFagan ( , 2008Fagan ( , 2011Fagan and Sircar (2010a, 2010b, 2012; Bojicic-Dzelilovic and Kostovicova (2013); Bache and Tomsic (2010);and Bache et al (2011) carried out research on the impact of Europeanization in the countries of the former Yugoslavia and noted that there are common practices of non-compliance with international obligations and emergent national legislation in the process of Europeanization. Kay (2014) states that the countries of the former Yugoslavia represent a unique opportunity to explore the impact of Europeanization on the system of nature protection when establishing MLG of N2000.…”
Section: Contributions To the Establishment Of Mlg Of N2000 Nature Prmentioning
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