Compliance with the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations and Prostate Cancer

Olmedo-Requena, Rocío; Lozano‐Lorca, Macarena; Salcedo‐Bellido, Inmaculada; Jiménez-Pacheco, Antonio; Vázquez-Alonso, Fernando; García-Caballos, Marta; Sánchez, María‐José; Jiménez-Moleón, José-Juan

doi:10.3390/nu12030768

Cited by 23 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…To date, there have been few studies evaluating the association between updated recommendations and the risk of other cancers. Studies on total cancer incidence in Sweden [ 56 ] and cancers of the colon in Spain [ 57 ] and the USA [ 58 ], breast in Spain [ 59 ] and the USA [ 60 ], and prostate in Spain [ 61 ], similarly to the current study, found a positive association with adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations. In contrast, one arm of the EPIC project focused on breast cancer in Europe [ 35 ], and a clinical-control study focused on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in Spain [ 62 ] found no association with adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Lung Cancer Risk in Men and Compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations

et al. 2022

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Lung cancer is the most common and deadly form of cancer worldwide, especially in men. The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) updated cancer prevention recommendations, and a standard scoring system (2018 WCRF/AICR Score) was published. The purpose of this study was to develop the adapted version of the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score with respect to lung cancer prevention recommendation (Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score) and to examine the association between lung cancer risk in men and the Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score as well as its single components. A case–control study was conducted among 439 men aged 45–80 years (187 controls, 252 primary lung cancer cases). Lifestyle and dietary data were collected with a questionnaire including the 62-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ-6®). The Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score was used as a categorized and continuous variable. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for lung cancer risk were calculated with the partly and fully adjusted model. One component of the score was independently associated with a lower risk of lung cancer in men, regardless of the set of confounders used. In the fully adjusted model following the recommendation “Limit smoking” was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer—in the never smokers by 87% (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.04–0.37; p = 0.0002) and in the moderate smokers by 45% (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33–0.91; p = 0.0189) compared with the heavy smokers as a reference. By adding the single components making up the Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score, the combination of three components or more, reducing the risk of lung cancer compared to lower compliance as a reference by 45% to 78% and by 39% to 66% for intermediate compliance (except two models out of seven) and higher compliance, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of lung cancer for the total Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score was lower by 47% (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32–0.88; p = 0.0129) in higher compliance with the score compared to those with the lower compliance. Each one-point increase in the Ad-LC WCRF/AICR Score reduced lung cancer risk by 34% (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45–0.95; p = 0.0267). The results support previous evidence that limiting smoking reduces the risk of lung cancer in men. It also provides an insight into cancer research by showing that following the combined 2018 cancer prevention recommendations related to diet, lifestyle and body fatness was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer in men.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Lung Cancer Risk in Men and Compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations

et al. 2022

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] There are also recent studies which used the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score. [13][14][15] Several studies investigated knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to dietary habits, physical activity and cancer prevention among the younger population such as university students, but to the best of our knowledge no study used the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score, which focuses on promoting a healthy diet across the lifespan, favorable to the prevention of different types of cancer as well as other chronic diseases. [16][17][18][19][20][21] University students transit a life period when they become more independent, have a busy schedule, maybe even live apart from their parents, and hence being responsible for choosing, buying and cooking their food, deciding the content, the quantity and the time of their meals and snacks as well as other lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity and alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle and Cancer Prevention—Opinions and Behaviors Among Romanian University Students

Lotrean¹,

Florea²,

Lencu³

2021

IJGM

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Background: Healthy lifestyle promotion represents an important component of cancer prevention. The aim of this study is the assessment of opinions and behavior related to healthy lifestyle and cancer prevention among Romanian university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by anonymous questionnaires in 2017 among 400 university students from the four main universities from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Results: One out of five students was overweight or obese, but 83% meet the recommendations for performing physical activity. The majority did not meet the recommendations of eating 400 g of fruits and vegetables daily, while almost half declared eating more than 500 g of red meat weekly and more than one third do not respect the recommendations for alcohol consumption. The factor analysis reveals two factors with regard to cancer prevention-related behaviors. The first one consists of those having an appropriate body weight, and having a higher tendency for consumption of fruits and vegetables, performing physical activity, while being more prone not to respect the recommendations regarding the alcohol consumption. The second factor refers to a higher tendency to respect both the recommendations for alcohol and red meat consumption. Conclusion:Future educational activities should focus on promoting better nutritional habits, decrease alcohol consumption and offer appropriate services for weight management among Romanian university students.

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“…Participants were recruited between May 2017 and September 2020. Previous studies have extensively described the methodology of the CAPLIFE study [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer: CAPLIFE Study

Lozano‐Lorca

Rodríguez-González

Salcedo‐Bellido

et al. 2022

Cancers

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The etiology of prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain, and the role of diet is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the role of diet, through dietary patterns, on PCa, considering tumor aggressiveness and extension. The CAPLIFE study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 428 incident PCa cases and 393 controls aged 40–80 years. Dietary information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Three dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis: “Mediterranean,” “Western,” and “Unhealthy,” which were categorized into tertiles according to the control group cutoff points. Tumor aggressiveness and extension was determined. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary patterns and PCa. High adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of PCa, ORT3vsT1 = 1.52 (95% CI 1.02–2.27), especially for cases with ISUP 1–2 and localized PCa tumors. This association was not observed with a Western or Mediterranean pattern. In conclusion, adherence to an unhealthy diet appears to be associated with higher odds of PCa, especially for cases with ISUP 1–2 and localized PCa tumors.

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Compliance with the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations and Prostate Cancer

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Lung Cancer Risk in Men and Compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations

Lung Cancer Risk in Men and Compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations

Lifestyle and Cancer Prevention—Opinions and Behaviors Among Romanian University Students

Dietary Patterns and Prostate Cancer: CAPLIFE Study

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