Compliance to current national medicines law for proper storage and dispensing of medicines at community pharmacies in Bhutan

Chejor, Pelden; Jamphel, Kinga; Tsheten,; Letho, Zimba; Guru, Navjot; Tshering, Ugyen

doi:10.1177/2399202618816900

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…25 Most of our study facilities had a majority of storage and dispensing facilities, which were in line with a study done in Bhutan that showed the compliance level of community pharmacies with the regulatory requirements for proper storing and dispensing of medicine was 90.4% for the regulatory provisions classified as critical, while it was 86.74% for the major category. 26 The findings from this finding suggest that pharmacies generally had a good availability of facilities for adhering to regulatory requirements for the proper storage and dispensing of medicines. Continued monitoring, training, and support for pharmacies can help maintain and improve compliance levels to ensure full facility availability, ultimately benefiting patient care and public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

Limenh

2024

RMHP

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The availability of various facilities that aid in providing expected services is necessary for the practice of pharmacy, which aims to make the best use of medications and other healthcare products and services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the availability of dispensing and storage facilities at public and community pharmacies in Bahir Dar and Gondar towns. Methods: In Gondar and Bahir Dar towns' public and private pharmacies, a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to September 2023. All pharmacy areas that were open during data collection were included in the study. The frequency and percentage were calculated using descriptive statistics. Results: From 239 pharmacies, 208 (87.0%) of them were open during data collection, and they are included in the study. The water supply and dispensing counter were available in the dispensing area in 79.3% and 60.1% of instances, respectively. They also had adequate room for storage (92.8%), dispensing (92.8%), and receiving (95.7%) of medicines. Additionally, about 98.1% of the facilities had shaded, ventilated, and dry areas. A therapeutic order was the most often used method (59.6%) for medication organization. Merely 1.9% of participants did not employ a strategy to arrange their medications. A refrigerator (88.0%), a refrigerator thermometer (91.3%), a spoon or spatula (81.3%), a separate storage facility (74.5%), a cold room (68.8%), a lockable cabinet (90.9%), a tablet counter (69.2%), and a fire extinguisher (safety device) (88%) were among the various storage equipment the majority of the pharmacies in the survey had. Nonetheless, air conditioning was absent from the majority (53.4%) of pharmacy facilities. Conclusion: Few pharmacies need to make improvements to their facilities in order to encourage convenient drug storage and dispensing practices, even though the majority of the pharmacies surveyed had all the necessary equipment and infrastructure. In addition to initiating the pharmacies to provide good practices of dispensing and storage, facility-focused initiation and regulation should be obtained to ensure full availability of the facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

Limenh

2024

RMHP

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“…surveys, questionnaires, interviews), and of those, 12,14–18,20–25 three also included observational inspections/visits 14,18,24 . In one study, Principal Investigator–administered inspections were used, 26 and in two, retroactive analyses of inspection data or a quantitative dataset were conducted 13,19 . The sample size of outlets for each study ranged from 38 to 1175, with a median sample size of 102 outlets and an average sample size of 128 outlets (standard deviation of 95) for all studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance of good storage practices of pharmacies and medicine outlets: a scoping review

Ching

Fuzail

Zaman

et al. 2023

Pharmacy Practice and Res

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Ensuring good storage practices (GSPs) of medicine outlets is important to maintain and ensure the safety, quality, and efficacy of dispensed medicines. The objective of this scoping review was to determine the most common GSP compliance issues within pharmacies and medicine outlets. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews guidelines were followed, and PubMed and Google Scholar were searched to identify the relevant primary literature from January 2016 and February 2022. All study designs in English were eligible for inclusion as long as they reported quantitative data for the fulfilment of individual GSP activities. Duplicate independent screening of the search results was undertaken. Quality assessment was performed on studies for final inclusion. Data extraction was performed by one reviewer, and the observed aggregate percentage compliance (% compliance), along with 95% confidence interval for the root GSP operation, was calculated. Of the 380 records identified, 15 articles were included. The studies were conducted in 10 countries and the majority were participatory research studies. Fire safety had the lowest aggregate % compliance (0.9%). Controlled substance, climate, light, ventilation and temperature and stock and bookkeeping operations all had overall aggregate % compliance levels below 50%. Despite evidence of basic controls and measures, we identified low compliance for many GSP operations. To ensure the integrity of medicines, it is important to increase the enforcement of security measures, invest resources in personnel training, account for informal vendor practices, and facilitate sharing global data publicly from external and governing body inspections and reviews of storage practices.

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“…Notre étude a montré que les officines disposaient des auxiliaires/vendeurs et tous sont affectés à la délivrance des médicaments. Globalement, dans les pays en développement, la situation des ressources humaines à l'officine contraste avec celle des pays développés comme le Bhutan où près de 94% du personnel exerçant à l'officine ont la qualification requise [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Règlementation pharmaceutique au Tchad: état de lieux des pratiques de délivrance des médicaments dans les officines privées de N'Djamena

Gueralbaye¹,

Zongo²,

Edgard³

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction cette étude visait à évaluer les pratiques de délivrances dans les officines pharmaceutiques privées de la ville de N'Djaména. De façon spécifique, (i) décrire les caractéristiques des officines (ii) décrire les modes de délivrance et (iii) vérifier le respect de la réglementation lors de la délivrance sur prescription médicale et sur conseils. Méthodes il s'agissait d'une enquête transversale réalisée de juin à décembre 2020. Les données ont été recueillies en deux étapes sous forme d'entretien avec les pharmaciens d'officines et une observation participative des pratiques de délivrances des médicaments dans les officines. Résultats au total, 26 officines soit 50% du nombre total des officines de N'Djaména ont été enquêtées. Il ressort de cette enquête, les principaux résultats suivants: Les officines pharmaceutiques privées de la ville de N'Djaména employaient deux catégories de personnels pour la délivrance des médicaments à l'officine: les pharmaciens et un personnel considéré comme des auxiliaires en pharmacie (les techniciens en pharmacie, les infirmiers et les vendeurs ou personnel «sans qualification en santé» car n'ayant pas reçu une formation dans une école de santé reconnue par le ministère de la santé). Très peu d'officines (8%) disposaient d'un espace de confidentialité réservé aux clients et d'ordonnancier. Les trois modes de délivrance ont été observés dans des proportions plus ou moins égales (30 à 40% des cas de dispensation). La délivrance sur demande du patient étant légèrement prédominante (40%) et la majeure partie des médicaments délivrés sur demande du patient et sur conseil du dispensateur appartenait aux différents tableaux de substances vénéneuses (plus de 70%). L'absence remarquée du pharmacien à l'officine justifie que 84% de demandes du patient étaient adressée aux auxiliaires en pharmacie. Conclusion cette étude a montré des insuffisances dans l'application de la règlementation pharmaceutique lors de la délivrance des médicaments dans les officines de la ville de N'Djaména. Des facteurs liés à la gouvernance et aux ressources humaines du secteur pharmaceutique ainsi qu'au niveau d'éducation thérapeutique des populations pourraient expliquer ce gap.

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Compliance to current national medicines law for proper storage and dispensing of medicines at community pharmacies in Bhutan

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

Compliance of good storage practices of pharmacies and medicine outlets: a scoping review

Règlementation pharmaceutique au Tchad: état de lieux des pratiques de délivrance des médicaments dans les officines privées de N'Djamena

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