Complex Trauma in Children and Youth: A Scoping Review of Sensory-Based Interventions

Fraser, Kerry; MacKenzie, Diane; Versnel, Joan

doi:10.1080/0164212x.2016.1265475

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…After experiencing trauma, children may not have the words or coping mechanisms available to express and process how or what they are feeling, and the psychosocial implications of their trauma can be exhibited through the occupations in which they engage (Alers, 2014). Physical abuse and neglect can place children at a higher risk for experiencing behavioural, communication, educational, emotional, physical, and psychological developmental delays (see Davis, 1999; Fraser, MacKenzie, & Versnel, 2017; Hyter, Atchison, Henry, Sloane, & Black-Pond, 2002; Kjorstad, O’hare, Soseman, Spellman, & Thomas, 2005; Simó-Algado, Mehta, Kronenberg, Cockburn, & Kirsh, 2002), which, in turn, impact occupational engagement and performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although hyperarousal is a hallmark of PTSD symptoms, including self-destructive behaviour, sleep disturbances, and hypervigilance (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), few sources specifically discussed occupations that can improve self-regulation and address the physiological experience of PTSD. Many of the sources made reference to generic “coping skills,” while just one paper reviewed sensory approaches to self-regulation for children (Fraser et al, 2017), and others recommended breathing or relaxation exercises (see Davis & Kutter, 1998; Froehlich, 1992; Lopez, 2011; Plach & Sells, 2013; Scaffa et al, 2006; Short-deGraff & Engelmann, 1992; Smith-Forbes et al, 2014; Speicher et al, 2014; Yamkovenko, 2011). However, the intentional incorporation of meaningful occupations that have evidence-based self-regulation properties, such as yoga (Emerson, Ryt, Sharma, Chaudhry, & Turner, 2009; Rhodes, Spinazzola, & Kolk, 2016), mindfulness meditation (Chen et al, 2012), aerobic exercise (Rosenbaum et al, 2015), and time spent in nature (Moll, Gewurtz, & Saltmarche, 2012; Park, Tsunetsugu, Kasetani, Kagawa, & Miyazaki, 2010) into daily routines was not emphasized throughout the sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review

Edgelow¹,

MacPherson²,

Arnaly³

et al. 2019

Can J Occup Ther

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Background. People who are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can experience disruptions in their daily occupations. Occupational therapists may assist clients with PTSD to reengage in meaningful occupations. Purpose. This scoping review aims to identify and describe the ways occupational therapy addresses PTSD in clinical practice. Method. Scholarly databases were searched for documents relating to occupational therapy and PTSD. Two reviewers independently applied selection criteria and systematically extracted information. Data were extracted and synthesized in a narrative format. Findings. Fifty sources met inclusion criteria and three major themes were identified: recognizing trauma within specific populations, PTSD's impact on a range of occupations, and occupational therapy's response to PTSD. Implications. Occupational therapists are working in multidisciplinary teams to reduce the impact of PTSD on the daily occupations of their clients. More effectiveness studies are required to understand the outcomes of occupational therapy interventions for clients with PTSD. Abré gé Description. Les personnes ayant un diagnostic de trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) peuvent vivre une perturbation de leurs occupations quotidiennes. Les ergothérapeutes peuvent aider les clients ayant un TSPT à recommencer à participer à des occupations signifiantes. But. Cet examen de la portée vise à identifier et décrire les façons dont l'ergothérapie aborde le TSPT en pratique clinique. Mé thodologie. Une recension des bases de données de la documentation en ergothérapie a été effectuée pour repérer des documents concernant l'ergothérapie et le TSPT. Deux évaluateurs ont appliqué les critères de sélection de manière indépendante et ont systématiquement extrait de l'information. Les données ont été extraites et synthétisées sous une forme narrative. Ré sultats. Cinquante sources répondaient aux critères de sélection et trois principaux thèmes ont été identifiés: reconnaître le traumatisme au sein de populations spécifiques; le TSPT a un impact sur un éventail d'occupations; et les interventions proposées en ergothérapie pour le TSPT. Consé quences. Les ergothérapeutes travaillent dans des équipes multidisciplinaires pour réduire l'impact des TSPT sur les occupations quotidiennes de leurs clients. D'autres études de l'efficacité sont requises pour mieux comprendre les résultats des interventions ergothérapiques pour les clients ayant un TSPT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review

Edgelow¹,

MacPherson²,

Arnaly³

et al. 2019

Can J Occup Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The findings indicate the value of occupational therapists holding an individualised, person‐centred, occupational stance, when using sensory modulation, rather than one that is focussed on diagnoses or interventions, i.e., sensory kits, sensory groups, sensory rooms, etc. (Bailliard & Whigham, 2017; Fraser, MacKenzie, & Versnel, 2017), and being aware that sensory modulation knowledge can enhance occupational participation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making sense of it together: Youth & families co‐create sensory modulation assessment and intervention in community mental health settings to optimise daily life

Williamson

Ennals

2020

Aus Occup Therapy J

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Introduction: Occupational therapists work collaboratively with young people experiencing mental ill-health to enable meaningful occupational participation in daily life. Sensory modulation is used as a means of developing self-regulation and enabling occupational participation. Published literature on sensory modulation in mental health settings is primarily located within acute inpatient settings and focuses on self-regulation. Little is known about the use of sensory modulation within community settings to enhance occupational participation in daily lives of people with mental-ill health. This study investigated the experiences of young people and their families who engaged in sensory modulation assessment (Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile) and intervention (between one and twelve sessions) as part of community mental health care at a large area mental health service in Melbourne, Australia. Methods: The qualitative study used naturalistic inquiry methodology involving semi-structured interviews with six young people and three families. Nine interview transcripts were thematically analysed to elicit the experiences of sensory modulation assessment and intervention, and how this may influence daily life. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that young people and their families' positive experiences of sensory modulation were underpinned by processes of co-creation: (a) knowing yourself; (b) understanding 'the why': developing shared reasons for engaging in sensory modulation; (c) creating comfort; (d) creating connection; and (e) constantly learning. Sensory modulation supported occupational participation in young peoples' daily lives in the areas of sleep, study, relationships, self-care, independent living, being in the world, and doing new things. Conclusion: Young people and their families valued the process of co-creating sensory modulation assessment and intervention to enhance occupational participation. Results revealed that sensory modulation assessment and intervention was optimised when it was a process of co-creation. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of sensory modulation in enhancing occupational participation in these domains that influence daily life.

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“…The nine conceptual papers retrieved support a trauma-informed, sensory approach within a recovery-orientated context for the treatment of complex trauma and PTSD (Champagne et al, 2010;Champagne and Stromberg, 2004;Fraser et al, 2017;Herold et al, 2016;Holland et al, 2018;Warner et al, 2013). Seven of the studies included a discussion of the commitment to study trauma, trauma-informed care and the establishing of best practices to address trauma consequences (Champagne et al, 2010;Champagne and Stromberg, 2004;Fraser et al, 2017;Holland et al, 2018;. These have led to an important policy change, including seclusion/restraint reduction initiatives with access to occupational therapy (Champagne and Koomar, 2011;Champagne and Stromberg, 2004;Holland et al, 2018;.…”

Section: Conceptual Papers and Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensory approaches and sensory-based interventions, although still emerging through the trauma-informed framework (WHO, 2017;, have become part of the international effort for the reduction in seclusion and restraint in mental health services (Champagne and Stromberg, 2004;WHO, 2017). Sensory-based interventions address an individual's sensory system in a therapeutic manner to create change and enable adaptation to one's physical environment and have been used in occupational therapy with children with behavioural issues and complex trauma histories (Fraser et al, 2017;Koomar, 2009). While the evidence for the use of sensory approaches in both adult mental health (Sutton et al, 2013;Machingura and Lloyd, 2017), and in the treatment of children with complex trauma (Koomar, 2009) is growing in governance, policy and practice, the specific needs of adult and adolescent trauma survivors has received less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory-based interventions with adult and adolescent trauma survivors

McGreevy

Boland

2020

IJOT

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Purpose An emerging evidence base, and increased awareness of the effects of trauma on the body, advocates a sensory-based approach to treatment with posttraumatic stress and complex trauma survivors. This paper aims to identify, analyse and summarise the empirical evidence for the sensory-based interventions, which occupational therapists are using in the treatment of adult and adolescent trauma survivors. Design/methodology/approach An integrative review of the literature was undertaken. Both empirical and conceptual papers were included. An inductive approach and constant comparative method were used to understand and synthesise the research. Findings The literature search yielded 18 papers describing the types of sensory-based interventions used, sensory processing (SP) patterns and the context and evidence for sensory-based occupational therapy practice with trauma survivors. Nine of the studies were empirical and nine were conceptual and review papers. Themes identified included: atypical SP patterns; type of sensory-based intervention used with trauma survivors; and transdisciplinary treatment programmes can reduce the symptoms of trauma. Practical implications Sensory-based interventions with adult and adolescent trauma survivors are emerging as promising areas of practice and research in the literature. Although empirical data is limited, the sensory needs of the body in processing trauma experiences is becoming more recognised and are supported by the atypical SP patterns identified in survivors. A sensory-based, transdisciplinary approach to treatment has the potential to be effective in treating the trauma survivor. Originality/value With a skill base in sensory integration and occupational analysis, occupational therapists have much to offer the field of trauma studies. This review begins to address the gap in the literature, recommending more rigorous controlled outcome research with larger sample sizes, person-centred studies focussing on the trauma survivor’s perspective and continuing professional development and mentorship for occupational therapists working with this population.

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Complex Trauma in Children and Youth: A Scoping Review of Sensory-Based Interventions

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review

Making sense of it together: Youth & families co‐create sensory modulation assessment and intervention in community mental health settings to optimise daily life

Sensory-based interventions with adult and adolescent trauma survivors

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