Complex plasmas: An interdisciplinary research field

Morfill, G. E.; Ivlev, A. V.

doi:10.1103/revmodphys.81.1353

Cited by 716 publications

(618 citation statements)

References 309 publications

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“…Plasma properties such as wave spectra, particle diffusion, heat conduction, or plasma instabilities can be strongly modified when the plasma is magnetized. Strong magnetic fields of several Tesla are not only encountered in magnetic confinement or magnetic liner inertial fusion experiments [1] but have also become of interest for complex plasmas research [2,3]. By adjusting the magnetic field strength it is possible to create plasma states where only the electrons, electrons and ions, or possibly all three charged particle species including the dust particles are magnetized [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Streaming Complex Plasmas: Ion Susceptibility for a Partially Ionized Plasma in Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

Kählert

Joost

Ludwig

et al. 2016

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

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The density response function for streaming ions in homogeneous, parallel electric and magnetic fields is derived self-consistently from kinetic theory. Ion-neutral collisions are treated with the Bhatnagar-GrossKrook collision operator assuming a constant ion-neutral collision frequency. The result accounts for the nonMaxwellian distribution function of the ions and is valid in the full range from weak to strong magnetization. It provides the basis for various linear response calculations in the context of magnetized complex plasmas, where streaming ions interact with highly charged dust particles under the influence of a strong external magnetic field. Magnetic fields play an important role in plasma physics because they allow one to confine and manipulate charged particles externally. Plasma properties such as wave spectra, particle diffusion, heat conduction, or plasma instabilities can be strongly modified when the plasma is magnetized. Strong magnetic fields of several Tesla are not only encountered in magnetic confinement or magnetic liner inertial fusion experiments [1] but have also become of interest for complex plasmas research [2,3]. By adjusting the magnetic field strength it is possible to create plasma states where only the electrons, electrons and ions, or possibly all three charged particle species including the dust particles are magnetized [4]. Several new phenomena have been observed in experiments with magnetic fields, including a slow rotation of the entire dust cloud [5][6][7][8][9], the spinning of dust particles [10], and complicated flow patterns [11]. In recent experiments with strong magnetic fields on the order of a few Tesla, sufficient to magnetize not only the electrons but the ions as well, filaments appeared in the discharge [12]. The dynamics of a dust particle pair also showed a pronounced response to magnetic fields of this magnitude [13]. Experiments performed at the Magnetized Dusty Plasma Experiment (MDPX) at Auburn University [14] further demonstrate that ordered structures of a titanium mesh can be imposed on the dust particles under these conditions. Crystalline and strongly coupled fluid states [15,16] also occur naturally in dusty plasmas due to the strong Coulomb interaction between the grains. Even though the dust particles themselves are difficult to magnetize [17], their screened interaction, and thus, their collective behavior, can be affected significantly by an external magnetic field [18].Dusty plasma experiments are often confronted with ion flows due to electric fields, especially in the sheath region. They affect the charging of the dust grains [19], their mutual interaction due to the formation of wake potentials [20,21], and give rise to drag forces [22,23]. Under the influence of an electric field the ion velocity distribution may considerably differ from a displaced Maxwellian due to collisions with the neutral gas. Various phenomena related to the interaction between ions and dust particles have been shown to be crucially affected by the different dist...

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confidence: 99%

Streaming Complex Plasmas: Ion Susceptibility for a Partially Ionized Plasma in Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

Kählert

Joost

Ludwig

et al. 2016

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

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“…A negatively charged bottom particle [40] is attracted by the ion focus while it is repelled by the negatively charged top particle [1,8]. At the same time, the bottom particle continues to repel the top one whence accelerating it [9].…”

Section: Coupled Pairs As Quasi-particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A weakly ionized gas comprising dust or other fine solid particles is known as a complex, or dusty, plasma [1][2][3]. In experimental studies of complex plasmas the particle size is of a few nanometers to tens of microns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observation of particle pairing in a two-dimensional plasma crystal

et al. 2014

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The observation is presented of naturally occurring pairing of particles and their cooperative drift in a two-dimensional plasma crystal. A single layer of plastic microspheres was suspended in the plasma sheath of a capacitively coupled rf discharge in argon at a low pressure of 1 Pa. The particle dynamics were studied by combining the top-view and side-view imaging of the suspension. Cross analysis of the particle trajectories allowed us to identify naturally occurring metastable pairs of particles. The lifetime of pairs was long enough for their reliable identification.

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“…Complex plasma is considered as a unique model system in soft matter physics where solid charged particles (dust) form a suspension in the background of weakly ionized plasma [1][2][3][4]. Typically, the dust particles are large enough (∼ µm) to be visualized individually which allow experimental investigations with high temporal and spatial resolution in terms of the appropriate plasma frequency and particle separation.…”

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Quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma containing spherical particles and their binary agglomerates

et al. 2016

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A new type of quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma system was observed which consisted of monodisperse microspheres and their binary agglomerations (dimers). The particles and their dimers levitated in a plasma sheath at slightly different heights and formed two distinct sublayers. The system did not crystallize and may be characterized as disordered solid. The dimers were identified based on their characteristic appearance in defocused images, i.e., rotating interference fringe patterns. The in-plane and inter-plane particle separations exhibit nonmonotonic dependence on the discharge pressure which agrees well with theoretical predictions.PACS numbers: 52.27. Lw, 61.20.Ja, 64.70.Dv Complex plasma is considered as a unique model system in soft matter physics where solid charged particles (dust) form a suspension in the background of weakly ionized plasma [1][2][3][4]. Typically, the dust particles are large enough (∼ µm) to be visualized individually which allow experimental investigations with high temporal and spatial resolution in terms of the appropriate plasma frequency and particle separation. The dynamics of each particle can be tracked precisely after analyzing the image sequences taken by video camera. In the strong coupling regime, complex plasma forms "crystals" which can be arranged in 2D and 3D structures [5][6][7][8]. In particular, the 2D crystal has been used extensively to investigate various generic processes associated with strong coupling phenomena such as crystallization [9] The goal of this paper is to explore the structural properties of a quasi-2D suspension (a mixture of spherical particles and their binary agglomerates), which can be created at the centre using controlled systematic partial purification method. Defocused imaging technique has been used as a simple but powerful diagnostic to identify binary agglomerates in complex plasmas [26]. Unlike spherical particles, the defocused images of binary agglomerates (two spherical particles together or dimers) contain stationary/spinning interference fringe patterns. This technique has been exploited to create quasi-2D suspension as a binary mixture of normal spherical parti-

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Complex plasmas: An interdisciplinary research field

Cited by 716 publications

References 309 publications

Streaming Complex Plasmas: Ion Susceptibility for a Partially Ionized Plasma in Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

Streaming Complex Plasmas: Ion Susceptibility for a Partially Ionized Plasma in Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

Observation of particle pairing in a two-dimensional plasma crystal

Quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma containing spherical particles and their binary agglomerates

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