Complex patterns of HCV epidemic in Suzhou: Evidence for dual infection and HCV recombination in East China

Du, Hong; Qi, Yihong; Fu, Hao; Huang, Yan; Mao, Lingxiang; Ji, Shengyue; Huang, Ming-Yuan; Qin, Chenhao; Yan, Rui; Zhu, Xun; Zhang, Chiyu

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2012.04.017

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, at least ten other different intergenotypic recombinant forms (RFs) of HCV have been described and are totally or partially characterised (Table 1). Within this group of recombinants, we can observe the presence of recombinant forms between genotypes 2 and 6 described in Vietnam [130] and Taiwan [131] , between genotypes 2 and 5 described in France [132] , between genotypes 3 and 1 in Taiwan [131] and China [133] , and between genotypes 2 and 1 reported in Japan, the United States and the Philippines [134][135][136][137] . It is interesting to note that recombinant forms found so far have a wide geographic distribution.…”

Section: Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Finally, despite recombination events between different genotypes/subtypes co-infecting the same patient are probably easier to detect, they are less likely to occur, since the strains of different subtypes differ more between them than between those from the same subtype; this would imply a lower probability of template switching and moreover, if a recombination event does indeed happen, it will likely generate recombinant sequences less viable than the parental ones. Some or even all these factors acting in concert might explain why the frequency of recombinant HCV sequences reported to date is so low [49,111,[124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147] . How relevant recombination for HCV long term evolution and its incidence in HCV infection is, has not been thoroughly investigated yet, but these findings support a potentially significant role for recombination by creating genetic variation through the reshuffling of independent variants [146] .…”

Section: Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution

Echeverría

Moratorio

Cristina

et al. 2015

WJH

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has infected over 170 million people worldwide and creates a huge disease burden due to chronic, progressive liver disease. HCV is a singlestranded, positive sense, RNA virus, member of the Flaviviridae family. The high error rate of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the pressure exerted by the host immune system, has driven the evolution of HCV into 7 different genotypes and more than 67 subtypes. HCV evolves by means of different mechanisms of genetic variation. On the one hand, its high mutation rates generate the production of a large number of different but closely related viral variants during infection, usually referred to as a quasispecies. The great quasispecies variability of HCV has also therapeutic implications since the continuous generation and selection of resistant or fitter variants within the quasispecies spectrum might allow viruses to escape control by antiviral drugs. On the other hand HCV exploits recombination to ensure its survival. This enormous viral diversity together with some host factors has made it difficult to control viral dispersal. Current treatment options involve pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin as dual therapy or in combination with a direct-acting antiviral drug, depending on the country. Despite all the efforts put into antiviral therapy studies, eradication of the virus or the development of a preventive vaccine has been unsuccessful so far. This review focuses on current available data reported to date on the genetic mechanisms driving the molecular evolution of HCV populations and its relation with the antiviral therapies designed to control HCV infection. Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution no preventive vaccine, and though antiviral therapy has been improved in the past few years, not all patients eradicate the virus as a result of it. The main reason lies in the intrinsic genetic variability that characterises RNA viruses, such as HCV, whose RNA polymerase lacks proof-reading activity, leading to a high mutation rate and the generation of a wide range of genome variants better known as a quasispecies. Therefore this review summarises current data on HCV quasispecies dynamics, antiviral therapy and recombination events.Echeverría N, Moratorio G, Cristina J, Moreno P. Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(6): 831845 Available from:

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Section: Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution

Echeverría

Moratorio

Cristina

et al. 2015

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Interestingly, the discrepancy of genotyping results between core/E2 and NS5B regions, indicates the presence of a HCV intersubtype recombinant [42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Du et al [42] detected firstly HCV 3a/1b recombinant through discrepancy of core/E2 and NS5B fragments sequences. HCV recombination and dual infection are often associated with high-risk multiple exposure behaviors.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updateon different aspects of HCV variability: focus on NS5B polymerase

et al. 2014

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The study of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes/subtypes, quasispecies and recombinants obtained by virus genome sequencing are important for epidemiological studies, to trace the source of infection, for development of new direct acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy and for understanding antiviral selection pressures. The HCV NS5B gene encodes a polymerase, which is responsible for virus replication and is a potential target for the development of antiviral agents. Many studies for classification of HCV use a particular segment of the NS5B gene, in addition to other specific regions, and phylogenetic analysis. Actually, some nucleoside/nucleotide analogues and non-nucleoside inhibitors target NS5B protein. This review focuses on HCV variability, phylogenetic analysis and the role of NS5B in the virus-host interactions.

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Subtype distribution of Hepatitis C virus in Jiangsu, China

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype distribution varied by regions and transmission modes. In this study, we investigated HCV genotype distribution in five cities of Jiangsu, China, all of which are located in the Yangtze River Delta Region. A total of 363 samples were collected during 2011-2012. C/E2 and NS5B fragments of HCV were amplified using a multiple RT-nested PCR strategy and subjected to sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was performed for HCV genotyping. Among 106 PCR positive cases, HCV subtypes 1a (0.9%), 1b (61.3%), 2a (15.1%), 3a (4.7%), 3b (9.4%), 6a (6.6%), and 6n (1.9%) were detected. Together with our previous data, we found that HCV subtypes were more among injection drug users (IDUs) (nine) than among general population (GP) (six), and the most common subtype among GP was 1b (73.9%), followed by 2a (14.5%), while the top four common subtypes among IDUs were 3a, 1b, 3b, and 6a, with similar prevalence rates (24.4%, 22.7%, 20.9%, and 17.4%, respectively). There were nine HCV subtypes prevalent among IDUs in Jiangsu, more than those in Xinjiang, Hubei, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and Hong Kong. The top four common subtypes among IDUs in Jiangsu covered all the two most common HCV subtypes (except 6n subtype) observed in six targeted provinces/region. These results suggested that Jiangsu may be an important gathering place for various HCV subtypes and the gathering may be involved in the large scale of population migration from other regions of China to Eastern China.

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Complex patterns of HCV epidemic in Suzhou: Evidence for dual infection and HCV recombination in East China

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution

Hepatitis C virus genetic variability and evolution

Updateon different aspects of HCV variability: focus on NS5B polymerase

Subtype distribution of Hepatitis C virus in Jiangsu, China

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