Complex Interdependency of Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Fatigue Resistance, and Residual Stress of Austenitic Stainless Steels AISI 304L

Jovičević-Klug, Patricia; Jovičević‐Klug, Matic; Rohwerder, Michael; Godec, Matjaž; Podgornik, Bojan

doi:10.3390/ma16072638

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…All types of CT alter the bulk and surface properties of metallic materials. The bulk properties affected by CT are mechanical properties ((micro)hardness [311][312][313][314], toughness [311,[315][316][317], strength [318][319][320], and fatigue [307,321,322]) and magnetism [304,323]. The surface properties affected by CT are corrosion resistance [324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331][332], wear resistance [321,[333][334][335], roughness [336], and oxide formation [324][325][326]336].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Cryogenic Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following ferrous and non-ferrous alloys are used in the following sectors (Table 4). [364][365][366][367][368][369][370], AISI 304L [308,319,[371][372][373][374], AISI 304LN [374], AISI 316 [374][375][376][377][378][379][380], AISI 316L [192,341,348,[381][382][383][384], AISI 316LN [374,385], AISI 321 [386,387], AISI 347 [388,389] Hardness, microhardness, wear (abrasive wear), fracture toughness, impact toughness, compressive strength, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, friction, erosion, strain-hardening exponent, surface roughness, machining of steel, fatigue, residual stress, surface chemistry, and oxidation In all energy sectors Martensitic stainless steel AISI 410 [390], AISI 420 [349,[390][391][392], AISI 420 MOD [392], AISI 430 [393,394], AISI 431 [304,…”

Section: Energy Sector and Position Of Cryogenic Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable New Technology for the Improvement of Metallic Materials for Future Energy Applications

Jovičević-Klug,

Rohwerder

2023

Coatings

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The need for a more sustainable and accessible source of energy is increasing as human society advances. The use of different metallic materials and their challenges in current and future energy sectors are the primary focus of the first part of this review. Cryogenic treatment (CT), one of the possible solutions for an environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective technology for tailoring the properties of these materials, is the focus of second part of the review. CT was found to have great potential for the improvement of the properties of metallic materials and the extension of their service life. The focus of the review is on selected surface properties and corrosion resistance, which are under-researched and have great potential for future research and application of CT in the energy sector. Most research reports that CT improves corrosion resistance by up to 90%. This is based on the unique oxide formation that can provide corrosion protection and extend the life of metallic materials by up to three times. However, more research should be conducted on the surface resistance and corrosion resistance of metallic materials in future studies to provide standards for the application of CT in the energy sector.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Cryogenic Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Sector and Position Of Cryogenic Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable New Technology for the Improvement of Metallic Materials for Future Energy Applications

Jovičević-Klug,

Rohwerder

2023

Coatings

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“…Most of the work is focused on austenitic alloys with corrosion resistance properties [2,20,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46], whereas heat-resistant pearlitic steel 12Cr1MoV attracts less attention and insufficient number of works devoted to the additive manufacturing of products from heat-resistant pearlitic steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Heat-Resistant Steel Manufactured by Multilayer Arc Deposition

Vlasov,

Gordienko,

Eremin

et al. 2023

Metals

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The manuscript demonstrates the structure and the mechanical behavior of a material manufactured by multilayer arc deposition. Three-dimensional printing was performed using OK Autrod 13.14 wire on a substrate of heat-resistant 12Cr1MoV steel in the standard gas metal arc welding (GMAW) mode and in the coldArc mode with reduced heat input. The printed materials have 40–45% higher strength and 50–70% lower ductility compared to the substrate. The microhardness of the printed materials is higher than the substrate, but it is reduced at the transition regions between the deposited layers. These regions have been studied using optical microscopy and digital image correlation. Such layer boundaries are an additional factor in reducing the plasticity of the material. The increase in strength and decrease in ductility for printed materials compared to the ferrite–pearlitic substrate is associated with a high cooling rate and the formation of a mixture of acicular and allotriomorphic ferrite, which have higher hardness. The structure of the obtained layers along the height is non-uniform and undergoes changes during the deposition of new layers. The main difference between the 3D printing modes is the reduced heat input in the coldArc mode, which results in less heat accumulation and faster cooling of the wall. Thus, a more dispersed and solid structure was formed compared with GMAW. It was concluded that the cooling rate and the level of heat input are the main factors affecting the structure formation (martensitic, bainitic, or ferritic), the height and quality of the surface, and the mechanical properties of the printed wall.

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“…The results of these works were also confirmed by the author's research. This topic is a relatively new research problem and is worthy of attention [37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Distance between Fine Non-Metallic Oxide Inclusions on the Fatigue Strength of Low-Carbon Steel

Lipiński

2023

Applied Sciences

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The fatigue strength of steel is an important parameter determining the use of the alloy. Conducting material durability tests depending on the working conditions of the material requires a lot of work. Therefore, the industry knows methods to estimate the fatigue life of steel on the basis of other parameters or measurements of other mechanical properties. One of such parameters is the fatigue strength coefficient, which allows one to link the fatigue strength with the hardness results of a specific steel grade. Alloys produced in industrial conditions contain impurities that can affect the properties of steel, including fatigue strength. Impurities in steel depend mainly on the technology of its production. One of the technologies that allows one to obtain high-purity steel is by subjecting it to secondary metallurgy treatment consisting of desulfurization and refining with argon. The fatigue strength of steel depends, among other things, on the morphology of impurities. In the work, the influence of the distance between small non-metallic inclusions with a diameter of less than 2 µm on the fatigue strength of steel, expressed by the fatigue resistance factor, was assessed. The research was carried out in industrial conditions on seven independent melts of low-carbon steel capable of forming a martensite microstructure. Several dozen fatigue strength tests were carried out for each of the casts. The volume fraction, size, and distribution of pollutants were examined. It was found that the main impurity is Al2O3, with a diameter of about 1.8 µm occurring at a distance of about 12 µm. The distance between small non-metallic inclusions affects the fatigue resistance factor, and small non-metallic inclusions with a diameter of less than 2 µm hinder the destruction of high-ductility steel. The paper presents an example of the structure of non-metallic inclusions for heat, the relative volume of inclusions, the average impurity diameter and impurity spacing for impurity dimensional ranges, the impurity spacing λ for the total volume of impurities, and the bending fatigue strength coefficient tested in steel after hardening and tempering at different tempering temperatures.

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Complex Interdependency of Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Fatigue Resistance, and Residual Stress of Austenitic Stainless Steels AISI 304L

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Sustainable New Technology for the Improvement of Metallic Materials for Future Energy Applications

Sustainable New Technology for the Improvement of Metallic Materials for Future Energy Applications

Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Heat-Resistant Steel Manufactured by Multilayer Arc Deposition

The Role of the Distance between Fine Non-Metallic Oxide Inclusions on the Fatigue Strength of Low-Carbon Steel

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