Complex hydrides for energy storage

Abstract

In the past decades, complex hydrides and complex hydrides-based materials have been thoroughly investigated as materials for energy storage, owing to their very high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen capacities and interesting cation and hydrogen diffusion properties. Concerning hydrogen storage, the main limitations of this class of materials are the high working temperatures and pressures, the low hydrogen absorption and desorption rates and the poor cycleability. In the past years, research in this field has been focused on understanding the sorption mechanism of the pristine and catalysed materials and on the characterization of the thermodynamic aspects, in order to rationally choose the composition and the stoichiometry of the systems in terms of hydrogen active phases and catalysts/destabilizing agents. Moreover, new materials have been discovered and characterized in an attempt to find systems with properties suitable for practical on-board and *Manuscript Click here to view linked References stationary applications. A significant part of this rich and productive activity has been performed by the research groups led by Experts of the International Energy Agreement Task 32, often in collaborative research projects. The most recent findings of these joint activities and other noteworthy recent results in the field are reported in this paper.

Tuning LiBH4 for Hydrogen Storage: Destabilization, Additive, and Nanoconfinement Approaches

“…These effects are appealing for LiBH 4 as (i) it melts before it decomposes, (ii) it needs active species to migrate at the surface of the material, (iii) its reversibility suffers from numerous by-products due to a variety of chemical paths. Several excellent reviews devoted to complex hydrides treat the specific subject of nanoconfinement [4,13,14,21,24,25]. Here, we propose to focus specifically on the effects of nanoconfinement over LiBH 4 in order to compare the strategies proposed to understand and enhance its properties.…”

“…A detailed discussion about the experimental techniques to characterize the nanoconfined hydride Several reviews including borohydrides as potential hydrogen storage materials have been published . They focus on different features such as synthesis [3,7,8,12,15,19,[21][22][23][24][25], crystal structure [3,8,9,11,15,18,19,21,22,26], kinetic and thermodynamic features [2][3][4]10,11,16,17,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26], tailoring their thermodynamic and kinetic behavior [3][4][5][6][7]10,[15][16][17]20,21,[23][24][25]…”

Short-Range Structure of Ti0.63V0.27Fe0.10D1.73 from Neutron Total Scattering and Reverse Monte Carlo Modelling

“…The EU project HyCare (https://hycare-project.eu/) is currently developing a hydrogen storage tank based on TiFe-alloys with hydrogen capacities around 1.9 wt%. Complex hydrides generally have high hydrogen content but poor cyclability [5,6].…”

Enhancement Effect of Bimetallic Amide K2Mn(NH2)4 and In-Situ Formed KH and Mn4N on the Dehydrogenation/Hydrogenation Properties of Li–Mg–N–H System

“…In the last decades, the possibility to store hydrogen in a solid state using metal hydride-based systems was investigated [3,4]. In this regard, several light metal complex hydrides such as alanates, borohydrides and amide-hydride systems were studied [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In particular, the reactive hydride composite (RHC) systems based on amide-hydrides are considered as promising hydrogen storage media, due to their suitable hydrogen Starting materials for the synthesis of K 2 Mn(NH 2 ) 4 are potassium (cubes, Sigma Aldrich, 99.5% purity, in mineral oil) and manganese (powder, Sigma Aldrich, ≥99% purity).…”