Complex Dietary Protein Improves Growth Through a Complex Mechanism of Intestinal Peptide Absorption and Protein Digestion

Hansen, Stephanie A.; Ashley, Aaron; Chung, Bonghoon

doi:10.1177/0148607113501556

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that the transformation among Arg, citrulline (Cit), and Orn can be regulated with the addition of Gln. The close association of Gln and Arg in epithelial metabolism (Watford, ), as well as the regulation of Arg utilization by Gln in porcine small‐intestinal bacteria, suggests that an analogous metabolic pathway is shared in the production of these two AAs (Hansen, Ashley, & Chung, ). These findings intimate that Gln accomplishes the metabolism of the Arg family through bacterial mediation in the intestine (Blachier et al., ; Corpeleijn et al., ).…”

Section: Glutamine Gut Microbiota and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

190

122

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Dietary amino acids (AAs) are not only absorbed and metabolized by enterocytes but also available to the microbiota in the gut in mammals. In addition to serving as the materials for protein synthesis, AAs can act as precursors for numerous metabolic end products in reactions involving the intestinal mucosa and microbiota. After penetrating the epithelial barrier, microbial metabolites can enter and accumulate in the host circulatory system, where they are sensed by immune cells and then elicit a wide range of biological functions via different receptors and mechanisms. Some intestinal bacteria can also synthesize certain AAs, implying that the exchange of AAs between hosts and microorganisms is bidirectional. Changes in AA composition and abundance can affect AA‐metabolizing bacterial communities and modulate macrophages and dendritic cells via toll‐like receptors (TLRs), autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2), and NOD‐like receptors (NLRs), and also regulate the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), serotonin/5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), and other signaling pathways, all of which play critical roles in regulating the intestinal mucosal immunity and microbiota directly or indirectly, contributing to intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, the current findings of the effects of certain functional AAs on the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis are reviewed, illustrating signaling pathways of tryptophan (Trp), glutamine (Gln), methionine (Met), and branched‐chain AAs (BCAAs) in the intestinal barrier and regarding immunity via crosstalk with their receptors or ligands. These findings have shed light on the clinical applications of dietary AAs in improving gut microbiota and mucosal immunity, therefore benefiting the gut as well as local and systemic health.

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Section: Glutamine Gut Microbiota and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

190

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This observation confirms previous suggestions that structural and functional adaptation may be separate, uncoupled responses. 35 This is supported by the fact that other animal experiments have shown dietary protein improves growth independent of increased intestinal peptide or amino acid transporter expression 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many proposed modified diets with different proportions of fat, 12,13 carbohydrates, and protein 14,15 have been used in clinical trials in an attempt to wean patients off of TPN. Most recently, a randomized control trial tested the efficacy of administering enteral high-fat diet to premature infants with an enterostomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

Sun

Choi

Diaz-Miron

et al. 2015

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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Introduction Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a morbid clinical condition that results from massive small-bowel resection (SBR). After SBR, there is a dramatic weight loss in the acute postoperative period. Our aim was to determine the impact of a high-protein diet (HPD) on weight gain and body composition in mice after SBR. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent 50 % proximal SBR. Postoperatively, mice were randomly selected to receive standard rodent liquid diet (LD) (n=6) or an isocaloric HPD (n=9) for 28 days. Mice weights were recorded daily. Body composition analyses were obtained weekly. Student's t test was used for statistical comparisons with p<0.05 considered significant. Results Mice that were fed HPD after SBR returned to baseline weight on average at postoperative day (POD) 8 versus mice that were fed LD that returned to baseline weight on average at POD 22. Total fat mass and lean mass were significantly greater by POD 14 within the HPD group. Both groups of mice demonstrated normal structural adaptation. Conclusion HPD results in greater weight gain and improved body composition in mice after SBR. This finding may be clinically important for patients with SBS since improved weight gain may reduce the time needed for parenteral nutrition.

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“…In accordance with the statement that the diet of patients with a chronic liver disease must contain appropriate proteins to avoid a severe protein deficiency (Sanchez and Aranda-Michel, 2006), branched chain amino acids which enable fast recovery of muscle tissue are frequently applied. However, Hansen et al (2015) have recently shown that the diet with complex proteins stimulates proteolytic activity of enterocytes and results in improved growth.…”

Section: Figure 2 Average Daily Macronutrients Intake For Patients Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nutritional support in patients after liver and kidney transplantation

Delač

Meštrić

Perkov

et al. 2018

Hrvat. čas. prehrambenu tehnol. biotehnol. nutr. (Online)

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During the last decades organ transplantation has evolved into a proven therapy for end-stage organ failure. However, the long-term success of organ transplantation depends significantly on the patients’ ability to overcome possible postoperative complications and to recover from a severe metabolic imbalance. Therefore, in the present study we assessed the accuracy of the early post-operative nutritional intake in a vulnerable group of patients after organ transplantation and compared it with the calculated minimal nutritional requirements. A number of 61 patients were included in the study, 48 with liver, 11 with kidney, and two patients with both, liver and kidney transplants. Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was applied and total nutritional intake was recorded for fourteen consecutive post-transplant days. Serum concentrations of proteins, urea and creatinine, as well as catalytic concentrations of liver enzymes were measured. Urea to creatinine ratio was calculated. According to body mass index (BMI) only a few patients were malnourished, but low serum protein levels indicated a significant protein catabolism. Nutritional requirements were provided mainly by glucose, with low amounts of proteins, i.e. amino acids, and fats. It took more than seven days to reach the appropriate nutritional intake. Because of the intensive catabolism, especially of proteins, nutrition of organ transplant recipients requires permanent monitoring and better nutritional support through formulas for enteral and total parenteral nutrition.

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Complex Dietary Protein Improves Growth Through a Complex Mechanism of Intestinal Peptide Absorption and Protein Digestion

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

High-Protein Diet Improves Postoperative Weight Gain After Massive Small-Bowel Resection

Assessment of nutritional support in patients after liver and kidney transplantation

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