Complete sequence of the G glycoprotein gene of avian metapneumovirus subgroup C and identification of a divergent domain in the predicted protein

Govindarajan, Dhanasekaran; Yunus, Abdul S.; Samal, Siba K.

doi:10.1099/vir.0.80400-0

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…J Med Virol 78, 631-637. Govindarajan, D. & Samal, S. K. (2004). Sequence analysis of the large polymerase (L) protein of the US strain of avian metapneumovirus indicates a close resemblance to that of the human metapneumovirus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMPV subgroup D was first detected in France (Bayon-Auboyer et al, 1999). Finally, AMPV subgroup C was first detected in the USA in 1996 and is more closely related to HMPV than to any other AMPV subgroup (Govindarajan & Samal, 2004Govindarajan et al, 2004;Toquin et al, 2003; The genome organizations of HMPV and AMPV are similar: from the 39 to 59 ends the genomes encode nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), fusion protein (F), M2-1 and M2-2, small hydrophobic protein (SH), attachment protein (G) and the large polymerase protein (L). Overall, HMPV and AMPV-C share 80 % amino acid identity, with N being most conserved protein and SH and G the most variable proteins (Biacchesi et al, 2003;van den Hoogen et al, 2001van den Hoogen et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMPV subgroup D was first detected in France (Bayon-Auboyer et al., 1999). Finally, AMPV subgroup C was first detected in the USA in 1996 and is more closely related to HMPV than to any other AMPV subgroup (Govindarajan & Samal, 2004Govindarajan et al, 2004;Toquin et al, 2003; ). However, using both chimeric viruses and minireplicon systems it has been shown that the ribonucleoprotein complex proteins of HMPV and AMPV-C are functionally interchangeable (de Graaf et al, 2008;Govindarajan et al, 2006;Pham et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary dynamics of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Graaf

Osterhaus

Fouchier

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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Human (HMPV) and avian (AMPV) metapneumoviruses are closely related viruses that cause respiratory tract illnesses in humans and birds, respectively. Although HMPV was first discovered in 2001, retrospective studies have shown that HMPV has been circulating in humans for at least 50 years. AMPV was first isolated in the 1970s, and can be classified into four subgroups, A-D. AMPV subgroup C is more closely related to HMPV than to any other AMPV subgroup, suggesting that HMPV has emerged from AMPV-C upon zoonosis. Presently, at least four genetic lineages of HMPV circulate in human populations -A1, A2, B1 and B2 -of which lineages A and B are antigenically distinct. We used a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework to determine the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of HMPV and AMPV-C. The rates of nucleotide substitution, relative genetic diversity and time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) were estimated using large sets of sequences of the nucleoprotein, the fusion protein and attachment protein genes. The sampled genetic diversity of HMPV was found to have arisen within the past 119-133 years, with consistent results across all three genes, while the TMRCA for HMPV and AMPV-C was estimated to have existed around 200 years ago. The relative genetic diversity observed in the four HMPV lineages was low, most likely reflecting continual population bottlenecks, with only limited evidence for positive selection. INTRODUCTIONHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory pathogen that was first described in 2001 (van den Hoogen et al., 2001). HMPV causes respiratory illnesses ranging from mild upper respiratory symptoms to severe lower respiratory tract disease (van den Hoogen et al., 2001(van den Hoogen et al., , 2003Williams et al., 2004). HMPV is an enveloped, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus and was classified as a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, the subfamily Pneumovirinae, the genus Metapneumovirus. HPMV seroprevalence in the human population reaches 100 % by the age of five (van den Hoogen et al., 2001). Experimental HMPV infections in macaques have been shown to induce transient protection , which is in agreement with relatively frequent occurrences of reinfection in humans (Ebihara et al., 2004). HMPV can be divided in two main genetic lineages (A and B), each consisting of at least two sublineages -A1, A2, B1 and B2 (van den Hoogen et al., 2004). Annual circulation of all four lineages has been observed worldwide, with reports of a predominating strain changing on a yearly basis in some studies, but not in others (Galiano et al., 2006;Sloots et al., 2006;van den Hoogen et al., 2004).The only other member of the genus Metapneumovirus is avian metapneumovirus (AMPV). AMPV has been found to infect domestic poultry worldwide, causing acute respiratory infections (Cook, 2000b). AMPVs have been classified into four subgroups, A through to D (BayonAuboyer et al., 1999;Eterradossi et al., 1995;Juhasz & Easton, 1994;Seal, 1998). AMPV subgroups A and B were first detected in...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evolutionary dynamics of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Graaf

Osterhaus

Fouchier

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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“…J Virol 73, 5852-5864. Govindarajan, D. & Samal, S. K. (2004). Sequence analysis of the large polymerase (L) protein of the US strain of avian metapneumovirus indicates a close resemblance to that of the human metapneumovirus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AMPVs have been classified into four subgroups, A-D (Bayon-Auboyer et al, 1999;Eterradossi et al, 1995;Juhasz & Easton, 1994;Seal, 1998). AMPV-C was first detected in the USA and is more closely related to HMPV than the other AMPV subgroups (Govindarajan & Samal, 2004Govindarajan et al, 2004;Toquin et al, 2003;van den Hoogen et al, 2002;Yunus et al, 2003). Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the only other member of the subfamily Pneumovirinae that infects humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specificity and functional interaction of the polymerase complex proteins of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Graaf

Herfst

Schrauwen

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) have a similar genome organization and protein composition, but a different host range. AMPV subgroup C (AMPV-C) is more closely related to HMPV than other AMPVs. To investigate the specificity and functional interaction of the polymerase complex proteins of human and avian metapneumoviruses, a minireplicon system was generated for AMPV-C and used in combination with minireplicon systems for HMPV lineages A1 and B1. Viral RNA-like molecules representing HMPV-A1 and -B1, AMPV-A and -C and human respiratory syncytial virus were replicated efficiently by polymerase complexes of HMPV-A1 and -B1 and AMPV-C, but not by polymerase complexes of bovine parainfluenza virus 3. Upon exchange of HMPV and AMPV-C polymerase complex components, all chimeric polymerase complexes were functional; exchange between HMPVs did not result in altered polymerase activity, whereas exchange between HMPVs and AMPV-C did. Recombinant HMPV-B1 viruses in which polymerase genes were exchanged with those of HMPV-A1 replicated with normal kinetics in vitro, whilst replacement with AMPV-C genes resulted in moderate differences in virus replication. In hamsters, recombinant HMPV-B1 viruses in which individual polymerase genes were exchanged with those of AMPV-C were attenuated, irrespective of the results obtained with minireplicon systems or in vitro replication assays. This study provides insight into the specificity and functional interaction of polymerase complex proteins of human and avian metapneumoviruses, but neither minireplicon systems nor in vitro replication kinetics were found to be predictive for attenuation in permissive animals. INTRODUCTIONHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an enveloped, nonsegmented, negative-strand RNA virus that causes respiratory tract illnesses, primarily in infants, young children, the frail elderly, and immunocompromised individuals (Crowe, 2004;Falsey et al., 2003;Kahn, 2006;Pelletier et al., 2002;van den Hoogen et al., 2001 van den Hoogen et al., , 2003. HMPV is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Pneumovirinae, genus Metapneumovirus, and can be divided in two main genetic lineages (A and B) each consisting of two sublineages, A1 and A2, and B1 and B2 (van den Hoogen et al., 2004). The only other member of the genus Metapneumovirus is avian metapneumovirus (AMPV). AMPV has been found to infect domestic poultry worldwide, causing acute respiratory infections (Cook, 2000). AMPVs have been classified into four subgroups, A-D (Bayon-Auboyer et al., 1999;Eterradossi et al., 1995;Juhasz & Easton, 1994;Seal, 1998). AMPV-C was first detected in the USA and is more closely related to HMPV than the other AMPV subgroups (Govindarajan & Samal, 2004Govindarajan et al., 2004;Toquin et al., 2003;van den Hoogen et al., 2002;Yunus et al., 2003). Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the only other member of the subfamily Pneumovirinae that infects humans. In comparison with HRSV, metapneumoviruses lack the non-structural proteins NS1 and NS2,...

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Prevalence of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized children younger than 1 year in Catalonia, Spain

Camps

Ricart

Dimova

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human metapneumovirus was discovered recently respiratory virus implicated in both upper and lower respiratory tract infection. In children, the clinical symptoms of human metapneumovirus are similar to those produced by respiratory syncytial virus, ranging from mild to severe diseases such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of human metapneumovirus and other common respiratory viruses among admitted to hospital infants. From January 2006 to June 2006, 99 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from hospitalized children younger than 12 months in order to study respiratory viruses. Human metapneumovirus detection was performed by cell culture and two RT-PCR targeting on polymerase and fusion genes. The latter gene was used for phylogenetic analysis. In 67/99 children (67%) at least one viral pathogen was identified, the viruses detected most frequently were respiratory syncytial virus (35%), human metapneumovirus (25%) and rhinovirus (19%). The results obtained in this study, show that: (1) human metapneumovirus is one of the most important viruses among children less than 12 months; (2) children infected with human metapneumovirus were significantly older than those infected by respiratory syncytial virus; (3) human metapneumovirus was associated more frequently with pneumonia whereas respiratory syncytial virus was only detected in patients with bronchiolitis; (4) there was a clear epidemiological succession pattern with only a small overlap among the viruses detected most frequently; (5) all human metapneumovirus samples were clustered within sublineage A2.

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Complete sequence of the G glycoprotein gene of avian metapneumovirus subgroup C and identification of a divergent domain in the predicted protein

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Evolutionary dynamics of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Evolutionary dynamics of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Specificity and functional interaction of the polymerase complex proteins of human and avian metapneumoviruses

Prevalence of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized children younger than 1 year in Catalonia, Spain

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